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Related papers: Integrand reduction beyond one-loop calculations

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Multi-loop scattering amplitudes constitute a serious bottleneck in current high-energy physics computations. Obtaining new integrand level representations with smooth behaviour is crucial for solving this issue, and surpassing the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-17 German F. R. Sborlini

We present a method for the integrand-level reduction of two-loop helicity amplitudes in both $d=4-2\epsilon$ and $d=4$ dimensions. The amplitude is expressed in terms of a set of Feynman integrals and their coefficients that depend on the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-14 Giuseppe Bevilacqua , Dhimiter Canko , Costas Papadopoulos , Aris Spourdalakis

We introduce a constructive method for defining a global loop-integrand basis for scattering amplitudes, encompassing both planar and nonplanar contributions. Our approach utilizes a graph-based framework to establish a well-defined,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-26 Zvi Bern , Enrico Herrmann , Radu Roiban , Michael S. Ruf , Mao Zeng

The use of complex analysis for computing one-loop scattering amplitudes is naturally induced by generalised unitarity-cut conditions, fulfilled by complex values of the loop variable. We report on two techniques: the cut-integration with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Pierpaolo Mastrolia

A systematic study of the scalar one-loop two-, three-, and four-point Feynman integrals is performed. We consider all cases of mass assignment and external invariants and derive closed expressions in arbitrary space-time dimension in terms…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-14 Johannes Bluemlein , Khiem Hong Phan , Tord Riemann

The infrared exponentiation properties of dimensionally-regularized multi-loop scattering amplitudes are typically hidden at the level of the integrand, materializing only after integral evaluation. We address this long-standing problem by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-07-22 Robert M. Schabinger

The analytic integration and simplification of multi-loop Feynman integrals to special functions and constants plays an important role to perform higher order perturbative calculations in the Standard Model of elementary particles. In this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-11 Johannes Blümlein , Carsten Schneider

We present a new algorithm for integration-by-parts (IBP) reduction of Feynman integrals with high powers of numerators or propagators, a demanding computational step in evaluating multi-loop scattering amplitudes. The algorithm allows us…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-24 Sid Smith

These notes are for the author's lectures, "Integral Reduction and Applied Algebraic Geometry Techniques" in the School and Workshop on Amplitudes in Beijing 2016. I introduce the applications of algebraic geometry methods on multi-loop…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-14 Yang Zhang

The success of the experimental program at the Tevatron re-inforced the idea that precision physics at hadron colliders is desirable and, indeed, possible. The Tevatron data strongly suggests that one-loop computations in QCD describe hard…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-28 R. Keith Ellis , Zoltan Kunszt , Kirill Melnikov , Giulia Zanderighi

In this paper, we describe a numerical approach to evaluate Feynman loop integrals. In this approach the key technique is a combination of a numerical integration method and a numerical extrapolation method. Since the computation is carried…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-09-21 F. Yuasa , T. Ishikawa , Y. Kurihara , J. Fujimoto , Y. Shimizu , N. Hamaguchi , E. de Doncker , K. Kato

We review the method of the differential equations for the evaluation of multi-loop Feynman integrals. In particular, we focus on the series expansion approach for solving the system of differential equation and we discuss how to perform…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-11-21 Tommaso Armadillo

One-loop integrands can be written in terms of a simple, process-independent basis. We show that a similar basis exists for integrands of phase-space integrals for the real-emission contribution at next-to-leading order. Our demonstration…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-28 David A. Kosower , Ben Page

A formalism for the numerical integration of one- and two-loop integrals is presented. It is based on subtraction terms which remove the soft, collinear and some of the ultraviolet divergences from the integrand. The numerical integral is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-10-08 A. Freitas

Feynman amplitudes at higher orders in perturbation theory generically have complex singular structures. Notwithstanding the emergence of many powerful new methods, the presence of infrared divergences poses significant challenges for their…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-04 Charalampos Anastasiou , George Sterman

The differential-reduction algorithm, which allows one to express generalized hypergeometric functions with parameters of arbitrary values in terms of such functions with parameters whose values differ from the original ones by integers, is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-05-19 Vladimir V. Bytev , Mikhail Yu. Kalmykov , Bernd A. Kniehl

We present a set of algebraic functions for evaluating the coefficients of the scalar integral basis of a general one-loop amplitude. The functions are derived from unitarity cuts, but the complete cut-integral procedure has been carried…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Ruth Britto , Bo Feng

Starting from the parametric representation of a Feynman diagram, we obtain it's well defined value in dimensional regularisation by changing the integrals over parameters into contour integrals. That way we eventually arrive at a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Knecht , H. Verschelde

We introduce a new method to evaluate algebraic integrals over the simplex numerically. This new approach employs techniques from tropical geometry and exceeds the capabilities of existing numerical methods by an order of magnitude. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 Michael Borinsky

Calculation of amplitudes in perturbative quantum field theory involve large loop integrals. The complexity of those integrals, in combination with the large number of Feynman diagrams, make the calculations very difficult. Reduction…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-06-05 Ronald H. P. Kleiss , Ioannis Malamos , Costas G. Papadopoulos , Rob Verheyen