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We formulate the classical gravitational entropy of a horizon as a Noether charge that does not require the notion of a temperature, and which is applicable to horizons that are not necessarily associated with black holes. This introduces a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-06 Sangmin Choi , Malcolm J. Perry

The Bekenstein-Hawking formula relates the black hole entropy and horizon area. Semiclassical entropy computations have relied on an action principle that fixes a gauge dependent and classically unobservable boundary three-geometry and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-28 Thomas C. Bachlechner

It is pointed out that the entropy of a membrane which is quantized perturbatively around a background position of fixed radius in a black hole spacetime is equal to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, if 1) the membrane surface is the horizon…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Carsten Gundlach

The idea of treating the horizon of a black hole as a stretched membrane with surface tension has a long history. In this work, we discuss the microscopic origin of the surface tension of the horizon in quantum pictures of spaces, which are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-25 Liangsuo Shu , Kaifeng Cui , Xiaokang Liu , Zhichun Liu , Wei Liu

In this work we generalize the results for the entropy spectra typically derived for black holes in general relativity to a generic horizon within the spherically symmetric (asymptotically flat and non-flat) space-times of more general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-19 Jozef Skakala , S. Shankaranarayanan

We calculate the black hole entropy in Loop Quantum Gravity as a function of the horizon area and provide the exact formula for the leading and sub-leading terms. By comparison with the Bekenstein-Hawking formula we uniquely fix the value…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Krzysztof A. Meissner

Taking the horizon surface of the black hole as a compact membrane and solving the oscillation equation of this membrane by Klein-Gordon equation, we derive the frequencies of oscillation modes of the horizon surface, which are proportional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhao Ren , Li Huaifan , Zhang Shengli

Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action can be separated into a bulk and a surface term, with a specific ("holographic") relationship between the two, so that either can be used to extract information about the other. The surface term can also be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Mukhopadhyay , T. Padmanabhan

Black hole (BH) quantization may be the key to unlocking a unifying theory of quantum gravity (QG). Surmounting evidence in the field of BH research continues to support a horizon (surface) area with a discrete and uniformly spaced…

General Physics · Physics 2014-07-18 C. Corda , S. H. Hendi , R. Katebi , N. O. Schmidt

We discuss black hole quantization in the Wheeler-DeWitt approach. Our consideration is based on a detailed investigation of the canonical formulation of gravity with special considerations of surface terms. Since the phase space of gravity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 Thorsten Brotz

In the framework of thermal quantization of radial geodesics completely confined behind the horizons we calculate the entropy of BTZ black hole in agreement with the Bekenstein--Hawking relation. Particles in the BTZ black hole occupy the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 V. V. Kiselev

The entropy S of the horizon $theta = pi/2$ of the Hawking wormhole written in spherical Rindler coordinates is computed in this letter. Using Padmanabhan's prescription,we found that the surface gravity of the horizon equals the proper…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Hristu Culetu

It has been argued that the entropy which one is computing in the isolated horizon framework of loop quantum gravity is closely related to the entanglement entropy of the gravitational field and that the calculation performed is not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-25 Norbert Bodendorfer

The recently proposed gravitational entropy generalize the usual black hole entropy to Euclidean solutions without U(1) symmetry in the framework of Einstein gravity. The entropy of such smooth configuration is given by the area of minimal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-08-07 Bin Chen , Jia-ju Zhang

We analyze spacetimes with horizons and study the thermodynamic aspects of causal horizons, suggesting that the resemblance between gravitational and thermodynamic systems has a deeper quantum mechanical origin. We find that the observer…

General Physics · Physics 2016-10-03 Eric M Howard

The standard (Euclidean) action principle for the gravitational field implies that for spacetimes with black hole topology, the opening angle at the horizon and the horizon area are canonical conjugates. It is shown that the opening angle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 S. Carlip , C. Teitelboim

The requirement that a trapped spacetime domain forms in finite time for distant observers is logically possible and sometimes unavoidable, but its consequences are not yet fully understood. In spherical symmetry, the characterization of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Daniel R. Terno

The spectroscopy of the apparent horizon of Vaidya black holes is investigated via adiabatic invariance. We obtain an equally spaced entropy spectrum with its quantum equal to the one given by Bekenstein. We demonstrate that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-16 Ge-Rui Chen , Yong-Chang Huang

We show that a geometrical notion of entropy, definable in flat space, governs the first quantum correction to the Bekenstein-Hawking black hole entropy. We describe two methods for calculating this entropy -- a straightforward Hamiltonian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Curtin Callan , Frank Wilczek

We consider the thermodynamics of a horizon surface from the viewpoint of the vacuum tension $\tau =(c^4/4G )$. Numerically, $\tau \approx 3.026\times 10^{43}$ Newton. In order of magnitude, this is the tension that has been proposed for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-10 A. Widom , J. Swain , Y. N. Srivastava