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Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are fundamental tools for modeling physical phenomena, yet most PDEs of practical interest cannot be solved analytically and require numerical approximations. The feasibility of such numerical methods,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Juan Esteban Suarez Cardona , Holger Boche , Gitta Kutyniok

In the paper we define three new complexity classes for Turing Machine undecidable problems inspired by the famous Cook/Levin's NP-complete complexity class for intractable problems. These are U-complete (Universal complete), D-complete…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Eugene Eberbach

Using nonstandard analysis, we will extend the classical Turing machines into the internal Turing machines. The internal Turing machines have the capability to work with infinite ($*$-finite) number of bits while keeping the finite…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ken Loo

One of the principal obstacles on the way to quantum computers is the lack of distinguished basis in the space of unitary evolutions and thus the lack of the commonly accepted set of basic operations (universal gates). A natural choice,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-13 D. Melnikov , A. Mironov , S. Mironov , A. Morozov , An. Morozov

Deutsch, Feynman, and Manin viewed quantum computing as a kind of universal physical simulation procedure. Much of the writing about quantum Turing machines has shown how these machines can simulate an arbitrary unitary transformation on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Willem Fouché , Johannes Heidema , Glyn Jones , Petrus H. Potgieter

Quantum computers have the potential to efficiently solve a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which play a crucial role in various industries and scientific fields. However, it remains unclear which system of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-07 Yu Tanaka , Keisuke Fujii

We introduce a parallelizable simplification of Neural Turing Machine (NTM), referred to as P-NTM, which redesigns the core operations of the original architecture to enable efficient scan-based parallel execution. We evaluate the proposed…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Gabriel Faria , Arnaldo Candido Junior

The most fundamental abstraction underlying all modern computers is the Turing Machine, that is if any modern computer can simulate a Turing Machine, an equivalence which is called Turing completeness, it is theoretically possible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Daniel Gahler , Dean Thomas , Slawomir Lach , Leroy Cronin

The power of real-time Turing machines using sublinear space is investigated. In contrast to a claim appearing in the literature, such machines can accept non-regular languages, even if working in deterministic mode. While maintaining a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Holger Petersen

Using unitary (instead of general) matrices in artificial neural networks (ANNs) is a promising way to solve the gradient explosion/vanishing problem, as well as to enable ANNs to learn long-term correlations in the data. This approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Li Jing , Yichen Shen , Tena Dubček , John Peurifoy , Scott Skirlo , Yann LeCun , Max Tegmark , Marin Soljačić

The P versus NP problem asks whether every language verifiable in polynomial time can also be decided in deterministic polynomial time. In this paper, we present a constructive proof that P = NP by introducing a universal, graph-based…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Changryeol Lee

This paper proposes a thought experiment to search for efficient bounded algorithms of NPC problems by machine enumeration. The key contributions are: -- On Universal Turing Machines, a program's time complexity should be characterized as:…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-09 YuQian Zhou

We discuss some claims that certain UCOMP devices can perform hypercomputation (compute Turing-uncomputable functions) or perform super-Turing computation (solve NP-complete problems in polynomial time). We discover that all these claims…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Hajo Broersma , Susan Stepney , Goran Wendin

In this paper, we investigate the problem of synthesizing computable functions of infinite words over an infinite alphabet (data $\omega$-words). The notion of computability is defined through Turing machines with infinite inputs which can…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Léo Exibard , Emmanuel Filiot , Nathan Lhote , Pierre-Alain Reynier

This paper talk about the complexity of computation by Turing Machine. I take attention to the relation of symmetry and order structure of the data, and I think about the limitation of computation time. First, I make general problem named…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-09-24 Koji Kobayashi

One of the main problems encountered so far with recurrent neural networks is that they struggle to retain long-time information dependencies in their recurrent connections. Neural Turing Machines (NTMs) attempt to mitigate this issue by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Jacopo Castellini

Self-replication is central to all life, and yet how it dynamically emerges in physical, non-equilibrium systems remains poorly understood. Von Neumann's pioneering work in the 1940s and subsequent developments suggest a natural hypothesis:…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-10-10 Jordan Cotler , Clément Hongler , Barbora Hudcová

Many different definitions of computational universality for various types of dynamical systems have flourished since Turing's work. We propose a general definition of universality that applies to arbitrary discrete time symbolic dynamical…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jean-Charles Delvenne , Petr Kurka , Vincent Blondel

This paper divide some complexity class by using fixpoint and fixpointless area of Decidable Universal Turing Machine (UTM). Decidable Deterministic Turing Machine (DTM) have fixpointless combinator that add no extra resources (like…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-10-14 Koji Kobayashi

Memcomputing is a novel non-Turing paradigm of computation that uses interacting memory cells (memprocessors for short) to store and process information on the same physical platform. It was recently proved mathematically that memcomputing…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-07-09 Fabio L. Traversa , Chiara Ramella , Fabrizio Bonani , Massimiliano Di Ventra