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This paper presents Haris, an advanced autonomous mobile robot system for tracking the location of vehicles in crowded car parks using license plate recognition. The system employs simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) for autonomous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Layth Hamad , Muhammad Asif Khan , Hamid Menouar , Fethi Filali , Amr Mohamed

In a scenario of growing usage of park-and-ride facilities, understanding and predicting car park occupancy is becoming increasingly important. This study presents a model that effectively captures the occupancy patterns of park-and-ride…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-14 Andreas Kaltenbrunner , Josep Ferrer , David Moreno , Vicenç Gómez

We present a data-driven car occupancy detection algorithm using ultra-wideband radar based on the ResNet architecture. The algorithm is trained on a dataset of channel impulse responses obtained from measurements at three different…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Jakob Möderl , Stefan Posch , Franz Pernkopf , Klaus Witrisal

Given the rising urban population and the consequential rise in traffic congestion, the implementation of smart parking systems has emerged as a critical matter of concern. Smart parking solutions use cameras, sensors, and algorithms like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Tuan T. Nguyen , Mina Sartipi

Parking spaces are costly to build, parking payments are difficult to enforce, and drivers waste an excessive amount of time searching for empty lots. Accurate quantification would inform developers and municipalities in space allocation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-17 Bill Yang Cai , Ricardo Alvarez , Michelle Sit , Fábio Duarte , Carlo Ratti

This paper proposes an end-to-end trainable one-stage parking slot detection method for around view monitor (AVM) images. The proposed method simultaneously acquires global information (entrance, type, and occupancy of parking slot) and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Jae Kyu Suhr , Ho Gi Jung

A complete overview of the surrounding vehicle environment is important for driver assistance systems and highly autonomous driving. Fusing results of multiple sensor types like camera, radar and lidar is crucial for increasing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Markus Horn , Ole Schumann , Markus Hahn , Jürgen Dickmann , Klaus Dietmayer

Radar presents a promising alternative to lidar and vision in autonomous vehicle applications, able to detect objects at long range under a variety of weather conditions. However, distinguishing between occupied and free space from raw…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-13 Rob Weston , Sarah Cen , Paul Newman , Ingmar Posner

Precise and long-term stable localization is essential in parking lots for tasks like autonomous driving or autonomous valet parking, \textit{etc}. Existing methods rely on a fixed and memory-inefficient map, which lacks robust data…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Mingrui Liu , Xinyang Tang , Yeqiang Qian , Jiming Chen , Liang Li

Finding a parking space nowadays becomes an issue that is not to be neglected, it consumes time and energy. We have used computer vision techniques to infer the state of the parking lot given the data collected from the University of The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Julien Nyambal , Richard Klein

Autonomous technology, which has become widespread today, appears in many different configurations such as mobile robots, manipulators, and drones. One of the most important tasks of these vehicles during autonomous operations is path…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yafes Enes Şahiner , Esat Yusuf Gündoğdu , Volkan Sezer

Against the backdrop of advancing science and technology, autonomous vehicle technology has emerged as a focal point of intense scrutiny within the academic community. Nevertheless, the challenge persists in guaranteeing the safety and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-03 JiaQi Luo

This paper aims to develop a robust and flexible algorithm for vacant parking space detections using the image processing capabilities of OpenCV. It removes the need for independent sensors to detect a car and instead, uses real-time images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-07-09 Chetan Sai Tutika , Charan Vallapaneni , Karthikeyan B

In this paper we propose a novel semantic localization algorithm that exploits multiple sensors and has precision on the order of a few centimeters. Our approach does not require detailed knowledge about the appearance of the world, and our…

Current navigation systems conflate time-to-drive with the true time-to-arrive by ignoring parking search duration and the final walking leg. Such underestimation can significantly affect user experience, mode choice, congestion, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Cameron Hickert , Sirui Li , Zhengbing He , Cathy Wu

Illegal parking along with the lack of available parking spaces are among the biggest issues faced in many large cities. These issues can have a significant impact on the quality of life of citizens. On-street parking systems have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Thien Nhan Vo

This research is part of a study of a real-time, cloud-based on-street parking service using crowd-sourced in-vehicle fleet data. The service provides real-time information about available parking spots by classifying crowd-sourced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Tony Rohe , Martin Margreiter , Markus Moertl

Radar-based road user detection is an important topic in the context of autonomous driving applications. The resolution of conventional automotive radar sensors results in a sparse data representation which is tough to refine during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Nicolas Scheiner , Ole Schumann , Florian Kraus , Nils Appenrodt , Jürgen Dickmann , Bernhard Sick

Occupied truck parking lots regularly cause hazardous situations. Estimation of current parking lot state could be utilized to provide drivers parking recommendations. In this work, we highlight based on a simulation scenario, how sparse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-04 Florian Ziegler , Maurice Freund , Andreas Rydzek , Thomas Liebig

For many automated driving functions, a highly accurate perception of the vehicle environment is a crucial prerequisite. Modern high-resolution radar sensors generate multiple radar targets per object, which makes these sensors particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Andreas Danzer , Thomas Griebel , Martin Bach , Klaus Dietmayer