Related papers: Complex Langevin in Lattice QCD: dynamic stabilisa…
Complex Langevin simulations provide an alternative to sample path integrals with complex weights and therefore are suited to determine the phase diagram of QCD from first principles. Adaptive step-size scaling and gauge cooling are used to…
The sign problem of QCD prevents standard lattice simulations to determine the phase diagram of strong interactions with a finite chemical potential directly. Complex Langevin simulations provide an alternative method to sample path…
The ability to describe strongly interacting matter at finite temperature and baryon density provides the means to determine, for instance, the equation of state of QCD at non-zero baryon chemical potential. From a theoretical point of…
In this review we present the current state-of-the-art on complex Langevin simulations and their implications for the QCD phase diagram. After a short summary of the complex Langevin method, we present and discuss recent developments. Here…
Simulations of QCD with a finite chemical potential typically lead to a severe sign problem, prohibiting any standard Monte Carlo approach. Complex Langevin simulations provide an alternative to sample path integrals with oscillating weight…
We present updated results of dynamic stabilisation (DS) applied to complex Langevin simulations of QCD in the heavy-dense limit and with staggered quarks. We show that DS is able to keep the unitarity norm sufficiently small, which leads…
Complex Langevin methods have been successfully applied in theories that suffer from a sign problem such as QCD with a chemical potential. We present and illustrate a novel method (dynamic stabilisation) that ensures that Complex Langevin…
Complex Langevin simulations have been able to successfully reproduce results from Monte Carlo methods in the region where the sign problem is mild and make predictions when it is exponentially hard. We present here our study of the QCD…
Complex Langevin simulations allow numerical studies of theories that exhibit a sign problem, such as QCD, and are thereby potentially suitable to determine the QCD phase diagram from first principles. Here we study QCD in the limit of…
We study complex Langevin simulations of a toy model as well as QCD, supplemented with a dynamical stabilization (DS) term, which was proposed to regularize the complexified process at lower temperatures. We compare the results to…
I review the status of the Complex Langevin method, which was invented to make simulations of models with complex action feasible. I discuss the mathematical justification of the procedure, as well as its limitations and open questions.…
Monte Carlo methods cannot probe far into the QCD phase diagram with a real chemical potential, due to the famous sign problem. Complex Langevin simulations, using adaptive step-size scaling and gauge cooling, are suited for sampling path…
The sign problem appears in lattice QCD as soon as a non-zero chemical potential is introduced. This prevents direct simulations to determine the phase structure of the strongly interacting matter. Complex Langevin methods have been…
We simulate lattice QCD at finite quark-number chemical potential to study nuclear matter, using the complex Langevin equation (CLE). The CLE is used because the fermion determinant is complex so that standard methods relying on importance…
We first test the Complex Langevin method (CLE) on various simple models. We then introduce the method of Gauge Cooling to control the dynamics of the process and ensure thin distributions in the imaginary direction. We finally apply CLE…
We study lattice QCD at non-vanishing chemical potential using the complex Langevin equation. We compare the results with multi-parameter reweighting both from $\mu=0$ and phase quenched ensembles. We find a good agreement for lattice…
We present the reweighted complex Langevin method, which enlarges the applicability range of the complex Langevin method by reweighting the complex trajectories. In this reweighting procedure both the auxiliary and target ensembles have a…
The complex Langevin method is extended to full QCD at non-zero chemical potential. The use of gauge cooling stabilizes the simulations at small enough lattice spacings. At large fermion mass the results are compared to the HQCD approach,…
Lattice simulations of non-zero density QCD introduce the so-called sign problem (complex or negative probabilities), which invalidates importance sampling methods. To circumvent this, we use the Complex Langevin Equation (CLE), to measure…
We employ a new method, "gauge cooling", to stabilize complex Langevin simulations of QCD with heavy quarks. The results are checked against results obtained with reweigthing; we find agreement within the estimated errors. The method allows…