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The field of behavioural biometrics stands as an appealing alternative to more traditional biometric systems due to the ease of use from a user perspective and potential robustness to presentation attacks. This paper focuses its attention…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Parker Lamb , Alexander Millar , Ramon Fuentes

From smoothly pursuing moving objects to rapidly shifting gazes during visual search, humans employ a wide variety of eye movement strategies in different contexts. While eye movements provide a rich window into mental processes, building…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Jason Li , Nicholas Watters , Yingting , Wang , Hansem Sohn , Mehrdad Jazayeri

We aim to ask and answer an essential question "how quickly do we react after observing a displayed visual target?" To this end, we present psychophysical studies that characterize the remarkable disconnect between human saccadic behaviors…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Budmonde Duinkharjav , Praneeth Chakravarthula , Rachel Brown , Anjul Patney , Qi Sun

Most human behaviors consist of multiple parts, steps, or subtasks. These structures guide our action planning and execution, but when we observe others, the latent structure of their actions is typically unobservable, and must be inferred…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Ryo Nakahashi , Chris L. Baker , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Eye tracking is handled as one of the key technologies for applications that assess and evaluate human attention, behavior, and biometrics, especially using gaze, pupillary, and blink behaviors. One of the challenges with regard to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Efe Bozkir , Ali Burak Ünal , Mete Akgün , Enkelejda Kasneci , Nico Pfeifer

Gaze tracking devices have the potential to greatly expand interactivity, yet miscalibration remains a significant barrier to use. As devices miscalibrate, people tend to compensate by intentionally offsetting their gaze, which makes…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Akanksha Saran , Jacob Alber , Cyril Zhang , Ann Paradiso , Danielle Bragg , John Langford

This paper presents a problem of model learning for the purpose of learning how to navigate a ball to a goal state in a circular maze environment with two degrees of freedom. The motion of the ball in the maze environment is influenced by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-09-20 Diego Romeres , Devesh Jha , Alberto Dalla Libera , William Yerazunis , Daniel Nikovski

Autism often remains undiagnosed in adolescents and adults. Prior research has indicated that an autistic individual often shows atypical fixation and gaze patterns. In this short paper, we demonstrate that by monitoring a user's gaze as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Karan Ahuja , Abhishek Bose , Mohit Jain , Kuntal Dey , Anil Joshi , Krishnaveni Achary , Blessin Varkey , Chris Harrison , Mayank Goel

Recent advancements in eye tracking technology are driving the adoption of gaze-assisted interaction as a rich and accessible human-computer interaction paradigm. Gaze-assisted interaction serves as a contextual, non-invasive, and explicit…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Vijay Rajanna , Tracy Hammond

Animals often forage via Levy walks stochastic trajectories with heavy tailed step lengths optimized for sparse resource environments. We show that human visual gaze follows similar dynamics when scanning images. While traditional models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Tejaswi V. Panchagnula

Human gaze provides valuable information on human focus and intentions, making it a crucial area of research. Recently, deep learning has revolutionized appearance-based gaze estimation. However, due to the unique features of gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Yihua Cheng , Haofei Wang , Yiwei Bao , Feng Lu

This invited paper proposes and discusses several Bayesian attempts at nonparametric and semiparametric density estimation. The main categories of these ideas are as follows: 1) Build a nonparametric prior around a given parametric model.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Nils Lid Hjort

Eye movements are known to reflect cognitive processes in reading, and psychological reading research has shown that eye gaze patterns differ between readers with and without dyslexia. In recent years, researchers have attempted to classify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Patrick Haller , Andreas Säuberli , Sarah Elisabeth Kiener , Jinger Pan , Ming Yan , Lena Jäger

Recently, appearance-based gaze estimation has been attracting attention in computer vision, and remarkable improvements have been achieved using various deep learning techniques. Despite such progress, most methods aim to infer gaze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Suneung Kim , Woo-Jeoung Nam , Seong-Whan Lee

A density estimation method in a Bayesian nonparametric framework is presented when recorded data are not coming directly from the distribution of interest, but from a length biased version. From a Bayesian perspective, efforts to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-23 Spyridon J. Hatjispyros , Theodoros Nicoleris , Stephen G. Walker

Gaze may enhance the robustness of lie detectors but remains under-studied. This study evaluated the efficacy of AI models (using fixations, saccades, blinks, and pupil size) for detecting deception in Concealed Information Tests across two…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Valentin Foucher , Santiago de Leon-Martinez , Robert Moro

The study and modeling of driver's gaze dynamics is important because, if and how the driver is monitoring the driving environment is vital for driver assistance in manual mode, for take-over requests in highly automated mode and for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Sujitha Martin , Sourabh Vora , Kevan Yuen , Mohan M. Trivedi

When humans read text, they fixate some words and skip others. However, there have been few attempts to explain skipping behavior with computational models, as most existing work has focused on predicting reading times (e.g.,~using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-25 Michael Hahn , Frank Keller

We study gaze estimation on tablets, our key design goal is uncalibrated gaze estimation using the front-facing camera during natural use of tablets, where the posture and method of holding the tablet is not constrained. We collected the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Qiong Huang , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Ashutosh Sabharwal

As an indicator of human attention gaze is a subtle behavioral cue which can be exploited in many applications. However, inferring 3D gaze direction is challenging even for deep neural networks given the lack of large amount of data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yu Yu , Gang Liu , Jean-Marc Odobez