Related papers: FO-definable transformations of infinite strings
We answer an open question in the theory of transducer degrees initially posed in [1] on the existence of a diamond structure in the transducer hierarchy. Transducer degrees are the equivalence classes formed by word transformations which…
We study general properties of the classical solutions in non-polynomial closed string field theory and their relationship with two dimensional conformal field theories. In particular we discuss how different conformal field theories which…
By replacing the letters to polynomials in F_2[t], an infinite word, over a finite alphabet, can be seen as the sequence of partial quotients of a continued fraction in F_2((1/t)). Here is described a family of such infinite words,…
Digital Transforms have important applications on subjects such as channel coding, cryptography and digital signal processing. In this paper, two Fourier Transforms are considered, the discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT) and the finite…
We investigate numerically the configurational statistics of strings. The algorithm models an ensemble of global $U(1)$ cosmic strings, or equivalently vortices in superfluid $^4$He. We use a new method which avoids the specification of…
We discuss different formulations and approaches to string theory and $ 2d$ quantum gravity. The generic idea to get a unique description of {\it many} different string vacua altogether is demonstrated on the examples in $ 2d$ conformal,…
We uncover a remarkable role that an infinite hierarchy of non-linear differential equations plays in organizing and connecting certain {hat c}<1 string theories non-perturbatively. We are able to embed the type 0A and 0B (A,A) minimal…
We develop a systematic framework for understanding symmetries in topological phases in 2+1 dimensions using the string-net model, encompassing both gauge symmetries that preserve anyon species and global symmetries permuting anyon species,…
We provide general criteria for the existence of minimal models of streaming transducers, namely devices that read an input word and produce an output value by iteratively updating an internal memory. This abstract model subsumes classical…
Temporal logics are widely used by the Formal Methods and AI communities. Linear Temporal Logic is a popular temporal logic and is valued for its ease of use as well as its balance between expressiveness and complexity. LTL is equivalent in…
String theory appears to admit a group of discrete field transformations -- called $S$ dualities -- as exact non-perturbative quantum symmetries. Mathematically, they are rather analogous to the better-known $T$ duality symmetries, which…
We investigate the odd multiway node (edge) cut problem where the input is a graph with a specified collection of terminal nodes and the goal is to find a smallest subset of nonterminal nodes (edges) to delete so that the terminal nodes do…
We answer an open question in the theory of transducer degrees on the existence of a diamond structure in the transducer hierarchy. Transducer degrees are the equivalence classes formed by word transformations which can be realized by a…
These lectures provide an introduction to perturbative string theory and its construction on spaces with background Ramond flux. Traditional covariant quantization of the string and its connection with vertex operators and conformal…
In formal language theory, several different models characterize regular languages, such as finite automata, congruences of finite index, or monadic second-order logic (MSO). Moreover, several fragments of MSO have effective…
We describe various computational models based initially, but not exclusively, on that of the Turing machine, that are generalized to allow for transfinitely many computational steps. Variants of such machines are considered that have…
Monadic second order logic and linear temporal logic are two logical formalisms that can be used to describe classes of infinite words, i.e., first-order models based on the natural numbers with order, successor, and finitely many unary…
We summarize the results obtained in the last few years about permutation orbifolds in two-dimensional conformal field theories, their application to string theory and their use in the construction of four-dimensional heterotic string…
Symmetry transformations of the space-time fields of string theory are generated by certain similarity transformations of the stress-tensor of the associated conformal field theories. This observation is complicated by the fact that, as we…
Eklund et al. (2002) present a graphical technique aimed at simplifying the verification of various category-theoretic constructions, notably the composition of monads. In this note we take a different approach involving string rewriting.…