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Related papers: Ionization and Dust Charging in Protoplanetary Dis…

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Context: Protoplanetary disks are observed to remain dust-rich for up to several million years. Theoretical modeling, on the other hand, raises several questions. Firstly, dust coagulation occurs so rapidly, that if the small dust grains…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-21 T. Birnstiel , C. P. Dullemond , F. Brauer

Protoplanetary disks exhibit a vertical gradient in angular momentum, rendering them susceptible to the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI). The most important condition for the onset of this mechanism is a short timescale of thermal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-18 Thomas Pfeil , Til Birnstiel , Hubert Klahr

Dust is a major component of protoplanetary and debris disks as it is the main observable signature of planetary formation. However, since dust dynamics is size-dependent (because of gas-drag or radiation pressure) any attempt to understand…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 S. Charnoz , E. Taillifet

Previous models of dust growth in protoplanetary disks considered either uniformly laminar or turbulent disks. This Letter explores how dust growth occurs in a layered protoplanetary disk in which the magnetorotational instability generates…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fred J. Ciesla

We study the changes in physical and chemical conditions during the collapse of a pre--protostellar core, starting from initial conditions appropriate to a dense molecular cloud and proceeding to the ``completely depleted'' limit. We follow…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 D. R. Flower , G. Pineau des Forets C. M. Walmsley

The Rosseland mean opacity of dust in protoplanetary disks is often calculated assuming the interstellar medium (ISM) size distribution and a constant dust-to-gas ratio. However, the dust size distribution and the dust-to-gas ratio in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-28 Yayaati Chachan , Eve J. Lee , Heather A. Knutson

We analyze the dynamics of gas-dust coupling in the presence of stellar radiation pressure in circumstellar gas disks, which are in a transitional stage between the gas-dominated, optically thick, primordial nebulae, and the dust-dominated,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Taku Takeuchi , Pawel Artymowicz

Protoplanetary disk are the foundation of planet formation. Lightning can have a profound impact on the chemistry of planetary atmospheres. The emergence of lightning in a similar manner in protoplanetary disks, would substantially alter…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-09 Thorsten Balduin , Peter Woitke , Wing-Fai Thi , Uffe Gråe Jørgensen , Yasuhito Narita

We discuss the different dust components of a protoplanetary disk with a special emphasis on grain composition, size and structure. The paper will highlight the role dust grains play in protoplanetary disks, as well as observational results…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Thomas Henning , Gwendolyn Meeus

We investigate the dynamics of interstellar dust particles in moderately high resolution ($512^3$ grid points) simulations of forced compressible transonic turbulence including self-gravity of the gas. Turbulence is induced by stochastic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-07 Lars Mattsson , Robert Hedvall

Turbulent coagulation in protoplanetary disks is known to operate on timescale far shorter than the lifetime of the disk. In the absence of mechanisms that replenish the small dust grain population, protoplanetary disks would rapidly lose…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 C. Dominik , C. P. Dullemond

Context. Dust coagulation and fragmentation impact the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks and set the initial conditions for planet formation. Dust grains dominate the opacities, they determine the cooling times of the gas,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-06 Thomas Pfeil , Til Birnstiel , Hubert Klahr

[Abridged] Aims. We provide an important step toward a better understanding of the magnetorotational instability (MRI)-dust coevolution in protoplanetary disks by presenting a proof of concept that dust evolution ultimately plays a crucial…

Magnetic fields likely play a key role in the dynamics and evolution of protoplanetary discs. They have the potential to efficiently transport angular momentum by MHD turbulence or via the magnetocentrifugal acceleration of outflows from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Mark Wardle

Protoplanetary disks are challenging objects for astrochemical models due to strong density and temperature gradients and due to the UV photons 2D propagation. In this paper, we have studied the importance of several model parameters on the…

We consider the dynamics of dust and gas during the clearing of protoplanetary discs. We work within the context of a photoevaporation/viscous model for the evolution of the gas disc, and use a two-fluid model to study the dynamics of dust…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. D. Alexander , P. J. Armitage

More than a decade of dedicated experimental work on the collisional physics of protoplanetary dust has brought us to a point at which the growth of dust aggregates can - for the first time - be self-consistently and reliably modelled. In…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Jürgen Blum

In spite of making a small contribution to total protoplanetary disk mass, dust affects the disk temperature by controlling absorption of starlight. As grains grow from their initial ISM-like size distribution, settling depletes the disk's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-27 Debanjan Sengupta , Sarah E. Dodson-Robinson , Yasuhiro Hasegawa , Neal J. Turner

Observations have shown that continuous radio emission and also sporadic H-alpha and X-ray emission are prominent in singular, low-mass objects later than spectral class M. These activity signatures are interpreted as being caused by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Ch. Helling , M. Jardine , F. Mokler

We have developed a new model for the astrochemical structure of a viscously evolving protoplanetary disk that couples an analytic description of the disk's temperature and density profile, chemical evolution, and an evolving dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-10 Alex J. Cridland , Ralph E. Pudritz , Tilman Birnstiel