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In the quantum mechanical Hilbert space formalism, the probabilistic interpretation is a later ad-hoc add-on, more or less enforced by the experimental evidence, but not motivated by the mathematical model itself. A model involving a clear…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-12-21 Gerd Niestegge

The spectral variant of the quantum marginal problem asks: Given prescribed spectra for a set of overlapping quantum marginals, does there exist a compatible joint state? The main idea of this work is a symmetry-reduced semidefinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Felix Huber , Nikolai Wyderka

We propose a time-of-arrival operator in quantum mechanics by conditioning on a quantum clock. This allows us to bypass some of the problems of previous proposals, and to obtain a Hermitian time of arrival operator whose probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-19 Lorenzo Maccone , Krzysztof Sacha

A quantum clock cannot be modeled as a point mass moving along a single geodesic if it is in a state with nonzero position fluctuations. Instead, it is an extended object subject to tidal forces and a superposition of time dilations at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Joseph Balsells , Martin Bojowald

Finite-dimensional Quantum Mechanics can be geometrically formulated as a proper classical-like Hamiltonian theory in a projective Hilbert space. The description of composite quantum systems within the geometric Hamiltonian framework is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-12-23 Davide Pastorello

The theory of quantum states over time extends the density operator formalism into the temporal domain, providing a unified of treatment of timelike and spacelike separated systems in quantum theory. Although recent results have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Seok Hyung Lie , James Fullwood

We study the time it takes for all states of a finite quantum system to return simultaneously to their original configuration. In particular, we define the recurrence time for a quantum system to be the time at which all time-evolved states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Chaitanya Gupta , Anthony J. Short

Quantum states are represented by positive semidefinite Hermitian operators with unit trace, known as density matrices. An important subset of quantum states is that of separable states, the complement of which is the subset of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-12-04 Grigoriy Blekherman , H. M. Bharath

The usual formulation of quantum theory is based on rather obscure axioms (employing complex Hilbert spaces, Hermitean operators, and the trace rule for calculating probabilities). In this paper it is shown that quantum theory can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lucien Hardy

Assuming the validity of the equivalence principle in the quantum regime, we argue that one of the assumptions of the usual definition of quantum mechanics, namely separation between the ``classical'' detector and the ``quantum'' system,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-13 Giorgio Torrieri

Figuring out the physical rationale behind natural selection of quantum theory is one of the most acclaimed quests in quantum foundational research. This pursuit has inspired several axiomatic initiatives to derive mathematical formulation…

A slight modification of one axiom of quantum theory changes a reversible theory into a time asymmetric theory. Whereas the standard Hilbert space axiom does not distinguish mathematically between the space of states (in-states of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 A. Bohm , Mark Loewe , Bryan Van de Ven

In quantum physics, the density operator completely describes the state. Instead, in classical physics the mean value of every physical quantity is evaluated by means of a probability distribution. We study the possibility to describe pure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 Alberto Montina

The quantization of time-reparametrization invariant systems such as general relativity is plagued by an ambiguity relating to the role of time in the theory. If one parametrizes observables by the (unobservable) time, and then relies on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Steven Weinstein

We propose a new point of view regarding the problem of time in quantum mechanics, based on the idea of replacing the usual time operator $\mathbf{T}$ with a suitable real-valued function $T$ on the space of physical states. The proper…

The first law of thermodynamics imposes not just a constraint on the energy-content of systems in extreme quantum regimes, but also symmetry-constraints related to the thermodynamic processing of quantum coherence. We show that this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-15 Matteo Lostaglio , Kamil Korzekwa , David Jennings , Terry Rudolph

The Hamiltonian H specifies the energy levels and the time evolution of a quantum theory. It is an axiom of quantum mechanics that H be Hermitian because Hermiticity guarantees that the energy spectrum is real and that the time evolution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-07 Carl M. Bender , Joachim Brod , Andre Refig , Moritz Reuter

The classical procedures which define the relativistic notion of space-time can be implemented in the framework of Quantum Field Theory. Only relying on the conformal symmetries of field propagation, time-frequency transfer and localization…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-27 Marc-Thierry Jaekel , Serge Reynaud

Quantum contextuality describes situations where the statistics observed in different measurement contexts cannot be explained by a measurement independent reality of the system. The most simple case is observed in a three-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Holger F. Hofmann

Challenging Mermin's perspective that ``correlations have physical reality; that which they correlate does not'' we argue that correlations and correlata are not fundamentally distinct. These are dual concepts depending on the tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-27 Marek Czachor , Marcin Nowakowski