Related papers: Semiparametric Estimation with Data Missing Not at…
Widely used methods for analyzing missing data can be biased in small samples. To understand these biases, we evaluate in detail the situation where a small univariate normal sample, with values missing at random, is analyzed using either…
In modern scientific applications, large volumes of covariate data are readily available, while outcome labels are costly, sparse, and often subject to distribution shift. This asymmetry has spurred interest in semi-supervised (SS)…
Instrument variable (IV) methods are widely used in empirical research to identify causal effects of a policy. In the local average treatment effect (LATE) framework, the IV estimand identifies the LATE under three main assumptions: random…
Semi-supervised learning is a powerful technique for leveraging unlabeled data to improve machine learning models, but it can be affected by the presence of ``informative'' labels, which occur when some classes are more likely to be labeled…
The instrumental variables (IV) method is a method for making causal inferences about the effect of a treatment based on an observational study in which there are unmeasured confounding variables. The method requires a valid IV, a variable…
Instrumental variables (IVs) are widely used for estimating causal effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding. Under the standard IV model, however, the average treatment effect (ATE) is only partially identifiable. To address this,…
A common approach for handling missing values in data analysis pipelines is multiple imputation via software packages such as MICE (Van Buuren and Groothuis-Oudshoorn, 2011) and Amelia (Honaker et al., 2011). These packages typically assume…
In some causal inference scenarios, the treatment variable is measured inaccurately, for instance in epidemiology or econometrics. Failure to correct for the effect of this measurement error can lead to biased causal effect estimates.…
Large-scale population-level datasets, such as the UK Biobank and the All of Us Research Program, often lack covariates needed for a specific analysis, such as genetic or lifestyle measures, while related studies measure them. This creates…
Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) is increasingly used for doubly robust causal inference, but how missing data should be handled when using TMLE with data-adaptive approaches is unclear. Based on the Victorian Adolescent Health…
Researchers regularly perform conditional prediction using imputed values of missing data. However, applications of imputation often lack a firm foundation in statistical theory. This paper originated when we were unable to find analysis…
Multivariate bounded discrete data arises in many fields. In the setting of dementia studies, such data is collected when individuals complete neuropsychological tests. We outline a modeling and inference procedure that can model the joint…
We introduce a nonresponse mechanism for multivariate missing data in which each study variable and its nonresponse indicator are conditionally independent given the remaining variables and their nonresponse indicators. This is a…
Difficulties may arise when analyzing longitudinal data using mixed-effects models if there are nonparametric functions present in the linear predictor component. This study extends the use of semiparametric mixed-effects modeling in cases…
Recently, there has been a surge in methodological development for the difference-in-differences (DiD) approach to evaluate causal effects. Standard methods in the literature rely on the parallel trends assumption to identify the average…
Causal inference with observational longitudinal data and time-varying exposures is often complicated by time-dependent confounding and attrition. The G-computation formula is one approach for estimating a causal effect in this setting. The…
Instrumental variable methods are fundamental to causal inference when treatment assignment is confounded by unobserved variables. In this article, we develop a general nonparametric causal framework for identification and learning with…
Background: Existing guidelines for handling missing data are generally not consistent with the goals of prediction modelling, where missing data can occur at any stage of the model pipeline. Multiple imputation (MI), often heralded as the…
The interventional effects approach to causal mediation analysis is increasingly common in epidemiologic research, given its potential to address policy-relevant questions about hypothetical mediator interventions. Multiple imputation (MI)…
Instrumental variables (IVs) are widely used to estimate causal effects in the presence of unobserved confounding between exposure and outcome. An IV must affect the outcome exclusively through the exposure and be unconfounded with the…