English
Related papers

Related papers: Estimation of KL Divergence: Optimal Minimax Rate

200 papers

We consider estimating the predictive density under Kullback-Leibler loss in a high-dimensional Gaussian model. Decision theoretic properties of the within-family prediction error -- the minimal risk among estimates in the class…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-12-04 Gourab Mukherjee , Iain M. Johnstone

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is a fundamental equation of information theory that quantifies the proximity of two probability distributions. Although difficult to understand by examining the equation, an intuition and understanding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-09 Jonathon Shlens

For a parametric model of distributions, the closest distribution in the model to the true distribution located outside the model is considered. Measuring the closeness between two distributions with the Kullback-Leibler (K-L) divergence,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Yo Sheena

This paper provides a unified perspective for the Kullback-Leibler (KL)-divergence and the integral probability metrics (IPMs) from the perspective of maximum likelihood density-ratio estimation (DRE). Both the KL-divergence and the IPMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Masahiro Kato , Masaaki Imaizumi , Kentaro Minami

Consider the problem of estimating the Shannon entropy of a distribution over $k$ elements from $n$ independent samples. We show that the minimax mean-square error is within universal multiplicative constant factors of $$\Big(\frac{k }{n…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Yihong Wu , Pengkun Yang

This paper deals with maximization of classical $f$-divergence between the distributions of a measurement outputs of a given pair of quantum states. $f$-divergence $D_{f}$ between the probability density functions $p_{1}$ and $p_{2}$ over a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-07 Keiji Matsumoto

We study three fundamental statistical-learning problems: distribution estimation, property estimation, and property testing. We establish the profile maximum likelihood (PML) estimator as the first unified sample-optimal approach to a wide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-12 Yi Hao , Alon Orlitsky

The Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence is not a proper distance metric and does not satisfy the triangle inequality, posing theoretical challenges in certain practical applications. Existing work has demonstrated that KL divergence between…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-03 Shiji Xiao , Yufeng Zhang , Chubo Liu , Yan Ding , Keqin Li , Kenli Li

We derive a deterministic, non-asymptotic upper bound on the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence of the flow-matching distribution approximation. In particular, if the $L_2$ flow-matching loss is bounded by $\epsilon^2 > 0$, then the KL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Maojiang Su , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Sophia Pi , Han Liu

We consider the parameter estimation problem of a probabilistic generative model prescribed using a natural exponential family of distributions. For this problem, the typical maximum likelihood estimator usually overfits under limited…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-13 Viet Anh Nguyen , Xuhui Zhang , Jose Blanchet , Angelos Georghiou

We consider estimating the predictive density under Kullback-Leibler loss in an $\ell_0$ sparse Gaussian sequence model. Explicit expressions of the first order minimax risk along with its exact constant, asymptotically least favorable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Gourab Mukherjee , Iain M. Johnstone

We employ a parameter-free distribution estimation framework where estimators are random distributions and utilize the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence as a loss function. Wu and Vos [J. Statist. Plann. Inference 142 (2012) 1525-1536] show…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-21 Paul Vos , Qiang Wu

Estimating Kullback Leibler (KL) divergence from samples of two distributions is essential in many machine learning problems. Variational methods using neural network discriminator have been proposed to achieve this task in a scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Sandesh Ghimire , Aria Masoomi , Jennifer Dy

We study concentration inequalities for the Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence between the empirical distribution and the true distribution. Applying a recursion technique, we improve over the method of types bound uniformly in all regimes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Jay Mardia , Jiantao Jiao , Ervin Tánczos , Robert D. Nowak , Tsachy Weissman

We consider the problem of constructing a least conservative estimator of the expected value $\mu$ of a non-negative heavy-tailed random variable. We require that the probability of overestimating the expected value $\mu$ is kept…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Bart P. G. van Parys , Bert Zwart

In many applications in biology, engineering and economics, identifying similarities and differences between distributions of data from complex processes requires comparing finite categorical samples of discrete counts. Statistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-11 Francesco Camaglia , Ilya Nemenman , Thierry Mora , Aleksandra M. Walczak

Given an intractable distribution $p$, the problem of variational inference (VI) is to find the best approximation from some more tractable family $Q$. Commonly, one chooses $Q$ to be a family of factorized distributions (i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-21 Charles C. Margossian , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Lawrence K. Saul

Pinsker's widely used inequality upper-bounds the total variation distance $||P-Q||_1$ in terms of the Kullback-Leibler divergence $D(P||Q)$. Although in general a bound in the reverse direction is impossible, in many applications the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-21 Daniel Berend , Peter Harremoës , Aryeh Kontorovich

Wide conditions are provided to guarantee asymptotic unbiasedness and L^2-consistency of the introduced estimates of the Kullback-Leibler divergence for probability measures in R^d having densities w.r.t. the Lebesgue measure. These…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-02 Alexander Bulinski , Denis Dimitrov

We address the problem of Schr\"odinger potential estimation, which plays a crucial role in modern generative modelling approaches based on Schr\"odinger bridges and stochastic optimal control for SDEs. Given a simple prior diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Nikita Puchkin , Iurii Pustovalov , Yuri Sapronov , Denis Suchkov , Alexey Naumov , Denis Belomestny