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We review studies of the fluctuations of light made accessible by the invention of the laser and the strong interactions realized in cavity QED experiments. Photon antibunching advocating the discrete (particles), is contrasted with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. J. Carmichael

Leggett-Garg's inequalities predict sharp bounds for some classical correlation functions that address the quantum or classical nature of real-time evolutions. We experimentally observe the violations of these bounds on single- and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Alessandro Santini , Vittorio Vitale

In contrast to Bell's inequalities which test the correlations between multiple spatially separated systems, the Leggett-Garg inequalities test the temporal correlations between measurements of a single system. We experimentally demonstrate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-16 Wenlei Zhang , Ravi K. Saripalli , Jacob M. Leamer , Ryan T. Glasser , Denys I. Bondar

Electrostatic flux-driven turbulence simulations with the Hermes-3 code are performed in TCV L-mode conditions in forward and reversed toroidal field configurations, and compared to the TCV-X21 reference dataset [D.S. Oliveira and T. Body…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 B D Dudson , M Kryjak , H Muhammed , J Omotani

We performed theoretical analysis of the phase randomness in a gain-switched semiconductor laser in the context of its application as a quantum entropy source. Numerical simulations demonstrate that phase diffusion r.m.s. exhibits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-23 Roman Shakhovoy , Alexander Tumachek , Natalia Andronova , Yury Mironov , Yury Kurochkin

Nonlinear frequency conversion is ubiquitous in laser engineering and quantum information technology. A long-standing goal in photonics is to integrate on-chip semiconductor laser sources with nonlinear optical components. Engineering…

The rapid advancements in ultrafast laser technology have paved the way for pumping and probing the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of nuclei in crystals. However, interpreting these experiments is extremely challenging due to the complex…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-08-29 Francesco Libbi , Anders Johansson , Lorenzo Monacelli , Boris Kozinsky

We consider one source of decoherence for a single trapped ion due to intensity and phase fluctuations in the exciting laser pulses. For simplicity we assume that the stochastic processes involved are white noise processes, which enables us…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. Schneider , G. J. Milburn

We explore the dynamics of a system where input spectra in the optical domain with very disparate center frequencies are strongly coupled via highly phase-matched, cascaded second-order nonlinear processes driven by terahertz radiation. The…

Optics · Physics 2019-07-08 Koustuban Ravi , Franz X. Kärtner

Recent numerical and theoretical studies have demonstrated that the modes at threshold of a random laser are in direct correspondence with the resonances of the same system without gain, a feature which is well known in a conventional laser…

Optics · Physics 2011-11-24 Jonathan Andreasen , Patrick Sebbah , Christian Vanneste

High-energy terahertz pulses are challenging to produce due to the low conversion efficiency and limited optical damage threshold of nonlinear crystals. Here, we describe the high-efficiency generation of terahertz radiation pulses with…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Sida Cao , Matthew R. Edwards

The paper offers a discrete thermodynamic model of lasers. Laser is an open system; its equilibrium is based on a balance of two thermodynamic forces, one related to the incoming pumping power and another to the emitted light. The basic…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Zilbergleyt

This work focuses on the incoherent and coherent combination of pulsed laser beams, building on previous research [1] that addressed the combination of continuous-wave laser beams. For the pulsed combination, we have focused on the temporal…

Optics · Physics 2024-12-05 Hocine Djellout

High-intensity laser systems present unique measurement and optimization challenges due to their high complexity, low repetition rates, and shot-to-shot variations. We discuss recent developments towards a unified framework based on…

Optics · Physics 2025-06-06 A. Döpp , C. Eberle , J. Esslinger , S. Howard , F. Irshad , J. Schroeder , N. Weisse , S. Karsch

Measurement uncertainty and experimental error are important concepts taught in undergraduate physics laboratories. Although student ideas about error and uncertainty in introductory classical mechanics lab experiments have been studied…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-09-20 Emily M. Stump , Courtney L. White , Gina Passante , N. G. Holmes

Due to conservation of energy we cannot directly turn a quantum system with a definite energy into a superposition of different energies. However, if we have access to an additional resource in terms of a system with a high degree of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-21 Johan Aberg

We generalize and test the recent "ab initio" self-consistent (AISC) time-independent semiclassical laser theory. This self-consistent formalism generates all the stationary lasing properties in the multimode regime (frequencies,…

Optics · Physics 2008-10-12 Li Ge , Robert J. Tandy , A. Douglas Stone , Hakan E. Türeci

Quantum technology is approaching a level of maturity, recently demonstrated in space-borne experiments and in-field measurements, which would allow for adoption by non-specialist users. Parallel advancements made in microprocessor-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 T. J. Barrett , W. Evans , A. Gadge , S. Bhumbra , S. Sleegers , R. Shah , J. Fekete , F. Orucevic , P. Kruger

Coherent light sources, such as free electron lasers, provide bright beams for biology, chemistry, physics, and advanced technological applications. Increasing the brightness of these sources requires progressively larger devices, with the…

Here we experimentally map the dynamics of electron plasma waves in laser solid interaction. We do time resolved measurements of second harmonic and hard X-ray generation from interaction of intense ($10^{16} W cm^{-2}$, 100 fs, 800nm)…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arvinder S. Sandhu , G. Ravindra Kumar , S. Sengupta , A. Das , P. K. Kaw