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We introduce a graph renormalization procedure based on the coarse-grained Laplacian, which generates reduced-complexity representations for characteristic scales identified through the spectral gap. This method retains both diffusion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-11-20 M. Schmidt , F. Caccioli , T. Aste

Separating multiple graph signals from a single observed mixture is an inherently ill-posed problem that traditionally relies on restrictive and handcrafted priors. This letter addresses this challenge by proposing an unsupervised learnable…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-28 Keivan Faghih Niresi , Dorina Thanou , Olga Fink

The Block Transform Coded, JPEG- a lossy image compression format has been used to keep storage and bandwidth requirements of digital image at practical levels. However, JPEG compression schemes may exhibit unwanted image artifacts to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2012-08-10 Sukhpal Singh

Signed graphs are equipped with both positive and negative edge weights, encoding pairwise correlations as well as anti-correlations in data. A balanced signed graph is a signed graph with no cycles containing an odd number of negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Haruki Yokota , Hiroshi Higashi , Yuichi Tanaka , Gene Cheung

Time-varying graph signal recovery has been widely used in many applications, including climate change, environmental hazard monitoring, and epidemic studies. It is crucial to choose appropriate regularizations to describe the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Weihong Guo , Yifei Lou , Jing Qin , Ming Yan

There are quite a number of photographs captured under undesirable conditions in the last century. Thus, they are often noisy, regionally incomplete, and grayscale formatted. Conventional approaches mainly focus on one point so that those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Zhao Yuzhi , Po Lai-Man , Wang Xuehui , Liu Kangcheng , Zhang Yujia , Yu Wing-Yin , Xian Pengfei , Xiong Jingjing

Recently, convolutional auto-encoders (CAE) were introduced for image coding. They achieved performance improvements over the state-of-the-art JPEG2000 method. However, these performances were obtained using massive CAEs featuring a large…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-13 Cyprien Gille , Frédéric Guyard , Marc Antonini , Michel Barlaud

The original contributions of this paper are twofold: a new understanding of the influence of noise on the eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian of a set of image patches, and an algorithm to estimate a denoised set of patches from a noisy…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2012-03-01 Francois G. Meyer , Xilin Shen

Graph-based techniques and spectral graph theory have enriched the field of machine learning with a variety of critical advances. A central object in the analysis is the graph Laplacian L, which encodes the structure of the graph. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Daniele Calandriello , Ioannis Koutis , Alessandro Lazaric , Michal Valko

In this paper, we develop a novel weighted Laplacian method, which is partially inspired by the theory of graph Laplacian, to study recent popular graph problems, such as multilevel graph partitioning and balanced minimum cut problem, in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Shijie Xu , Jiayan Fang , Xiang-Yang Li

We introduce a new notion of graph sparsificaiton based on spectral similarity of graph Laplacians: spectral sparsification requires that the Laplacian quadratic form of the sparsifier approximate that of the original. This is equivalent to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-07-22 Daniel A. Spielman , Shang-Hua Teng

As DeepFake video manipulation techniques escalate, posing profound threats, the urgent need to develop efficient detection strategies is underscored. However, one particular issue lies with facial images being mis-detected, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Chih-Chung Hsu , Shao-Ning Chen , Mei-Hsuan Wu , Yi-Fang Wang , Chia-Ming Lee , Yi-Shiuan Chou

Despite the success of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in image synthesis, applying trained GAN models to real image processing remains challenging. Previous methods typically invert a target image back to the latent space either by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Jinjin Gu , Yujun Shen , Bolei Zhou

State-of-the-art approaches toward image restoration can be classified into model-based and learning-based. The former - best represented by sparse coding techniques - strive to exploit intrinsic prior knowledge about the unknown…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-29 Fangfang Wu , Weisheng Dong , Guangming Shi , Xin Li

Images captured in poorly lit conditions are often corrupted by acquisition noise. Leveraging recent advances in graph-based regularization, we propose a fast Retinex-based restoration scheme that denoises and contrast-enhances an image.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-26 Yeganeh Gharedaghi , Gene Cheung , Xianming Liu

An efficient spatial regularization method using superpixel segmentation and graph Laplacian regularization is proposed for sparse hyperspectral unmixing method. Since it is likely to find spectrally similar pixels in a homogeneous region,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Taner Ince

Graph sampling with noise is a fundamental problem in graph signal processing (GSP). Previous works assume an unbiased least square (LS) signal reconstruction scheme and select samples greedily via expensive extreme eigenvector computation.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-19 Yuanchao Bai , Gene Cheung , Fen Wang , Xianming Liu , Wen Gao

Objective. Wearable devices with embedded photoplethysmography (PPG) enable continuous non-invasive monitoring of cardiac activity, offering a promising strategy to reduce the global burden of cardiovascular diseases. However, monitoring…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-15 Giulio Basso , Xi Long , Reinder Haakma , Rik Vullings

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has shown great potential and promising applications in advanced imaging fields for its capabilities of material decomposition. However, image reconstructions and decompositions under sparse views…

Medical Physics · Physics 2016-08-01 Lei Li , Ailong Cai , Linyuan Wang , Bin Yan , Hanming Zhang , Zhizhong Zheng , Wenkun Zhang , Wanli Lu , Guoen Hu

Conventional algorithms for sparse signal recovery and sparse representation rely on $l_1$-norm regularized variational methods. However, when applied to the reconstruction of $\textit{sparse images}$, i.e., images where only a few pixels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Sohil Shah , Tom Goldstein , Christoph Studer