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Statistical inference of the high-dimensional regression coefficients is challenging because the uncertainty introduced by the model selection procedure is hard to account for. A critical question remains unsettled; that is, is it possible…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-06 Xiaorui Zhu , Yichen Qin , Peng Wang

Especially when facing reliability data with limited information (e.g., a small number of failures), there are strong motivations for using Bayesian inference methods. These include the option to use information from physics-of-failure or…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-27 Qinglong Tian , Colin Lewis-Beck , Jarad Niemi , William Meeker

Standard random-effects meta-analysis methods perform poorly when applied to few studies only. Such settings however are commonly encountered in practice. It is unclear, whether or to what extent small-sample-size behaviour can be improved…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-01-15 Svenja E. Seide , Christian Röver , Tim Friede

In this paper we adopt the familiar sparse, high-dimensional linear regression model and focus on the important but often overlooked task of prediction. In particular, we consider a new empirical Bayes framework that incorporates data in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-28 Ryan Martin , Yiqi Tang

For time series with high temporal correlation, the empirical process converges rather slowly to its limiting distribution. Many statistics in change-point analysis, goodness-of-fit testing and uncertainty quantification admit a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-26 Annika Betken , Marie-Christine Düker

Confidence intervals for the means of multiple normal populations are often based on a hierarchical normal model. While commonly used interval procedures based on such a model have the nominal coverage rate on average across a population of…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-12-28 Chaoyu Yu , Peter D. Hoff

We present a model-agnostic algorithm for generating post-hoc explanations and uncertainty intervals for a machine learning model when only a static sample of inputs and outputs from the model is available, rather than direct access to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Surin Ahn , Justin Grana , Yafet Tamene , Kristian Holsheimer

Observational astrophysics consists of making inferences about the Universe by comparing data and models. The credible intervals placed on model parameters are often as important as the maximum a posteriori probability values, as the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Will J. Percival , Oliver Friedrich , Elena Sellentin , Alan Heavens

This paper considers the problem of making statistical inferences about a parameter when a narrow interval centred at a given value of the parameter is considered special, which is interpreted as meaning that there is a substantial degree…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-09-07 Russell J. Bowater , Ludmila E. Guzmán-Pantoja

Loopy belief propagation performs approximate inference on graphical models with loops. One might hope to compensate for the approximation by adjusting model parameters. Learning algorithms for this purpose have been explored previously,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-03 Xaq Pitkow , Yashar Ahmadian , Ken D. Miller

A key factor in ensuring the accuracy of computer simulations that model physical systems is the proper calibration of their parameters based on real-world observations or experimental data. Inevitably, uncertainties arise, and Bayesian…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Daniel Andrés Arcones , Martin Weiser , Phaedon-Stelios Koutsourelakis , Jörg F. Unger

Multi-fidelity methods are prominently used when cheaply-obtained, but possibly biased and noisy, observations must be effectively combined with limited or expensive true data in order to construct reliable models. This arises in both…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-19 Kurt Cutajar , Mark Pullin , Andreas Damianou , Neil Lawrence , Javier González

We present a novel and easy-to-use method for calibrating error-rate based confidence intervals to evidence-based support intervals. Support intervals are obtained from inverting Bayes factors based on a parameter estimate and its standard…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-28 Samuel Pawel , Alexander Ly , Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

We investigate the problem of reliably assessing group fairness when labeled examples are few but unlabeled examples are plentiful. We propose a general Bayesian framework that can augment labeled data with unlabeled data to produce more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-21 Disi Ji , Padhraic Smyth , Mark Steyvers

Fidelity estimation for entangled states constitutes an essential building block for quality control and error detection in quantum networks. Nonetheless, quantum networks often encounter heterogeneous and correlated noise, leading to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-18 Liangzhong Ruan , Bas Dirkse

Statistical analyses of multipopulation studies often use the data to select a particular population as the target of inference. For example, a confidence interval may be constructed for a population only in the event that its sample mean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Peter Hoff , Surya Tokdar

Empirical Bayes methods are widely used for large-scale inference, yet most classical approaches assume homoscedastic observations and focus primarily on posterior mean estimation. We develop a nonparametric empirical Bayes framework for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Zhigen Zhao , Shonosuke Sugaasawa

In the recent paper [5], a Bayesian approach for constructing confidence intervals in monotone regression problems is proposed, based on credible intervals. We view this method from a frequentist point of view, and show that it corresponds…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Piet Groeneboom , Geurt Jongbloed

There is a lack of simple and scalable algorithms for uncertainty quantification. Bayesian methods quantify uncertainty through posterior and predictive distributions, but it is difficult to rapidly estimate summaries of these…

Computation · Statistics 2016-12-28 Cheng Li , Sanvesh Srivastava , David B. Dunson

We propose a general method to carry out a valid Bayesian analysis of a finite-dimensional `targeted' parameter in the presence of a finite-dimensional nuisance parameter. We apply our methods to causal inference based on estimating…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-03 Magid Sabbagh , David A. Stephens