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We provide an open source toolbox on https://github.com/ct2641/CAI/releases/tag/1.0 to conduct computer-aided investigation on the fundamental limits of information systems. The toolbox relies on either Gurobi or Cplex as the linear program…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Chao Tian , James S. Plank , Brent Hurst , Ruida Zhou

Background: User interface (UI) testing, which is used to verify the behavior of interactive elements in applications, plays an important role in software development and quality assurance. However, little is known about the adoption of UI…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Xiaoxiao Gan , Chris Brown

We introduce GUI-360$^\circ$, a large-scale, comprehensive dataset and benchmark suite designed to advance computer-using agents (CUAs). CUAs present unique challenges and is constrained by three persistent gaps: a scarcity of real-world…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved strong results in code generation, but their ability to generate GUI applications, especially games, remains insufficiently studied. Existing benchmarks mainly evaluate correctness through test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Zhiyuan Peng , Wei Tao , Xin Yin , Chenhao Ying , Yuan Luo , Yiwen Guo

Correctness is one of the more important criteria of qualitative software. However, it is often taught in isolation and most students consider it only as an afterthought. They also do not receive sufficient feedback on code quality and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Steffen Dick , Christoph Bockisch , Harrie Passier , Lex Bijlsma , Ruurd Kuiper

With VLM-powered computer-using agents (CUAs) becoming increasingly capable at graphical user interface (GUI) navigation and manipulation, reliable step-level decision-making has emerged as a key bottleneck for real-world deployment. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zhenyu Wu , Jingjing Xie , Zehao Li , Bowen Yang , Qiushi Sun , Zhaoyang Liu , Zhoumianze Liu , Yu Qiao , Xiangyu Yue , Zun Wang , Zichen Ding

Usability testing with experts and potential users can assess the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) but doing so remains a costly and time-intensive process. Prior work has used computer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Alice Gao , Weixi Tong , Rishab Vempati , Katharina Reinecke , R. Benjamin Shapiro , Tianyi Zhang , Jason Wu

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding, the process of mapping human instructions to GUI actions, serves as a fundamental basis to autonomous GUI agents. While existing grounding models achieve promising performance to simulate the mouse…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zeyi Liao , Yadong Lu , Boyu Gou , Huan Sun , Ahmed Awadallah

A validation methodology is proposed and implemented for natural language software specifications of standard graphics functions. Checks are made for consistency, completeness, and lack of ambiguity in data element and function…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Steven D. Fraser , Peter P. Silvester

GUI testing is significant in the SE community. Most existing frameworks are intrusive and only support some specific platforms. With the development of distinct scenarios, diverse embedded systems or customized operating systems on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Mingzhe Du , Yuchen Ling , Zhenyu Chen , Zhendong Su

Pursuing human-like interaction for Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents requires understanding the GUI context and following user instructions. However, existing works typically couple these two aspects and focus more on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Huawen Shen , Chang Liu , Gengluo Li , Xinlong Wang , Yu Zhou , Can Ma , Xiangyang Ji

Recent trends in the software development practices (Agile, DevOps, CI) have shortened the development life-cycle causing the need for efficient security-by-design approaches. In this context, software architectures are analyzed for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Katja Tuma , Danial Hosseini , Kyriakos Malamas , Riccardo Scandariato

In this paper we investigate the effect of long-term GUI changes occurring during application development on the reusability of existing GUI test cases. We conduct an empirical evaluation on two complex, open-source GUI-driven applications…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Arthur-Jozsef Molnar

Graphical User Interface (GUI) automation holds significant promise for enhancing human productivity by assisting with computer tasks. Existing task formulations primarily focus on simple tasks that can be specified by a single,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Kevin Qinghong Lin , Linjie Li , Difei Gao , Qinchen WU , Mingyi Yan , Zhengyuan Yang , Lijuan Wang , Mike Zheng Shou

SCOOP is a programming model and language that allows concurrent programming at a high level of abstraction. Several approaches to verifying SCOOP programs have been proposed in the past, but none of them operate directly on the source code…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-05-21 Claudio Corrodi

Automated GUI testing is crucial in ensuring that presentation logic behaves as expected. However, existing tools often apply end-to-end approaches and face challenges such as high specification efforts, maintenance difficulties, and flaky…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Mario Fuksa , Sandro Speth , Steffen Becker

Graphical User Interface (GUI) provides visual bridges between software apps and end users. However, due to the compatibility of software or hardware, UI display issues such as text overlap, blurred screen, image missing always occur during…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yuhui Su , Zhe Liu , Chunyang Chen , Junjie Wang , Qing Wang

The rapid evolution of Web UI incurs time and effort in UI test maintenance. Prior techniques in Web UI test repair focus on locating the target elements on the new Webpage that match the old ones so that the corresponding broken statements…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Zhuolin Xu , Qiushi Li , Shin Hwei Tan

The Go programming language has gained significant traction for developing software, especially in various infrastructure systems. Nonetheless, concurrency bugs have become a prevalent issue within Go, presenting a unique challenge due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Foivos Tsimpourlas , Chao Peng , Carlos Rosuero , Ping Yang , Ajitha Rajan

Recent advances in multimodal large language models unlock unprecedented opportunities for GUI automation. However, a fundamental challenge remains: how to efficiently acquire high-quality training data while maintaining annotation…