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The gradient boosting machine is a powerful ensemble-based machine learning method for solving regression problems. However, one of the difficulties of its using is a possible discontinuity of the regression function, which arises when…
Gradient boosting methods based on Structured Categorical Decision Trees (SCDT) have been demonstrated to outperform numerical and one-hot-encodings on problems where the categorical variable has a known underlying structure. However, the…
Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are general-purpose problem solvers that usually perform an unbiased search. This is reasonable and desirable in a black-box scenario. For combinatorial optimization problems, often more knowledge about the…
Explainable boosting machines (EBMs) are popular "glass-box" models that learn a set of univariate functions using boosting trees. These achieve explainability through visualizations of each feature's effect. However, unlike linear model…
An algorithm for optimization of signal significance or any other classification figure of merit suited for analysis of high energy physics (HEP) data is described. This algorithm trains decision trees on many bootstrap replicas of training…
High-level triggering is a vital component in many modern particle physics experiments. This paper describes a modification to the standard boosted decision tree (BDT) classifier, the so-called "bonsai" BDT, that has the following important…
Gradient boosted decision trees are some of the most popular algorithms in applied machine learning. They are a flexible and powerful tool that can robustly fit to any tabular dataset in a scalable and computationally efficient way. One of…
Most machine learning classifiers only concern classification accuracy, while certain applications (such as medical diagnosis, meteorological forecasting, and computation advertising) require the model to predict the true probability, known…
Gradient boosted decision trees (GBDTs) are widely used in machine learning, and the output of current GBDT implementations is a single variable. When there are multiple outputs, GBDT constructs multiple trees corresponding to the output…
The use of multivariate classifiers, especially neural networks and decision trees, has become commonplace in particle physics. Typically, a series of classifiers is trained rather than just one to enhance the performance; this is known as…
Gradient boosted trees and other regression tree models perform well in a wide range of real-world, industrial applications. These tree models (i) offer insight into important prediction features, (ii) effectively manage sparse data, and…
Bootstrap aggregating (Bagging) and boosting are two popular ensemble learning approaches, which combine multiple base learners to generate a composite model for more accurate and more reliable performance. They have been widely used in…
We present an application of a particular machine-learning method (Boosted Decision Trees, BDTs using AdaBoost) to separate stars and galaxies in photometric images using their catalog characteristics. BDTs are a well established machine…
Machine learning (ML) estimates of conditional average treatment effects (CATE) can guide policy decisions, either by allowing targeting of individuals with beneficial CATE estimates, or as inputs to decision trees that optimise overall…
The Binary Search Tree (BST) is average in computer science which supports a compact data structure in memory and oneself even conducts a row of quick algorithms, by which people often apply it in dynamical circumstance. Besides these…
The effect of training data size on machine learning methods has been well investigated over the past two decades. The predictive performance of tree based machine learning methods, in general, improves with a decreasing rate as the size of…
Random forest is widely exploited as an ensemble learning method. In many practical applications, however, there is still a significant challenge to learn from imbalanced data. To alleviate this limitation, we propose a deep dynamic boosted…
Determining subgroups that respond especially well (or poorly) to specific interventions (medical or policy) requires new supervised learning methods tailored specifically for causal inference. Bayesian Causal Forest (BCF) is a recent…
Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) is a very successful ensemble learning algorithm widely used across a variety of applications. Recently, several variants of GBDT training algorithms and implementations have been designed and heavily…
Boosted trees is a dominant ML model, exhibiting high accuracy. However, boosted trees are hardly intelligible, and this is a problem whenever they are used in safety-critical applications. Indeed, in such a context, rigorous explanations…