Related papers: Extracting Formal Models from Normative Texts
When people interpret text, they rely on inferences that go beyond the observed language itself. Inspired by this observation, we introduce a method for the analysis of text that takes implicitly communicated content explicitly into…
This paper proposes a knowledge-based legal document assembly method that uses a machine-readable representation of knowledge of legal professionals. This knowledgebase has two components - the formal knowledge of legal norms represented as…
We formalise the essential data of objective functions as equality constraints on composites of learners. We call these constraints "tasks", and we investigate the idealised view that such tasks determine model behaviours. We develop a…
Controllable text generation concerns two fundamental tasks of wide applications, namely generating text of given attributes (i.e., attribute-conditional generation), and minimally editing existing text to possess desired attributes (i.e.,…
Most definitions of ontology, viewed as a "specification of a conceptualization", agree on the fact that if an ontology can take different forms, it necessarily includes a vocabulary of terms and some specification of their meaning in…
Selective rationalization aims to produce decisions along with rationales (e.g., text highlights or word alignments between two sentences). Commonly, rationales are modeled as stochastic binary masks, requiring sampling-based gradient…
This paper introduces epistemic graphs as a generalization of the epistemic approach to probabilistic argumentation. In these graphs, an argument can be believed or disbelieved up to a given degree, thus providing a more fine--grained…
Formal languages let us define the textual representation of data with precision. Formal grammars, typically in the form of BNF-like productions, describe the language syntax, which is then annotated for syntax-directed translation and…
Decision-making usually takes five steps: identifying the problem, collecting data, extracting evidence, identifying pro and con arguments, and making decisions. Focusing on extracting evidence, this paper presents a hybrid model that…
Verifying the veracity of claims requires reasoning over a large knowledge base, often in the form of corpora of trustworthy sources. A common approach consists in retrieving short portions of relevant text from the reference documents and…
Textual patterns (e.g., Country's president Person) are specified and/or generated for extracting factual information from unstructured data. Pattern-based information extraction methods have been recognized for their efficiency and…
Current methods for textual analysis rely on data annotated within predefined ontologies, often embedding human bias within black-box models. Despite achieving near-perfect performance, these approaches exploit unstructured, linear pattern…
The work relates to the automatic generation of logical specifications, considered as sets of temporal logic formulas, extracted directly from developed software models. The extraction process is based on the assumption that the whole…
Our goal is to build classification models using a combination of free-text and structured data. To do this, we represent structured data by text sentences, DataWords, so that similar data items are mapped into the same sentence. This…
Real applications of natural language document processing are very often confronted with domain specific lexical gaps during the analysis of documents of a new domain. This paper describes an approach for the derivation of domain specific…
In this paper we provide a first analysis of the research questions that arise when dealing with the problem of communicating pieces of formal argumentation through natural language interfaces. It is a generally held opinion that formal…
Social scientists have become increasingly interested in how narratives -- the stories in fiction, politics, and life -- shape beliefs, behavior, and government policies. This paper provides an unsupervised method to quantify latent…
The automatic generation of decision trees based on off-line reasoning on models of a domain is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based approach in technical domains and the constraints imposed by embedded…
Forms are a common type of document in real life and carry rich information through textual contents and the organizational structure. To realize automatic processing of forms, word grouping and relation extraction are two fundamental and…
We present a general formal argumentation system for dealing with the detachment of conditional obligations. Given a set of facts, constraints, and conditional obligations, we answer the question whether an unconditional obligation is…