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We discuss an approach to determine averages of the work, dissipated heat and variation of internal energy of an open quantum system driven by an external classical field. These quantities are measured by coupling the quantum system to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-23 Paolo Solinas , Mirko Amico , Nino N. Zanghì

In the absence of directional motion it is often hard to recognize athermal fluctuations. Probability currents provide such a measure in terms of the rate at which they enclose area in the reduced phase space. We measure this area enclosing…

The Heisenberg uncertainty relation, which links the uncertainties of the position and momentum of a particle, has an important footprint on the quantum behavior of a physical system. Analogous to this principle, we propose that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-18 Pratik Sathe , Luis Pedro García-Pintos , Francesco Caravelli

We use the fact that some linear Hamiltonian systems can be considered as ``finite level'' quantum systems, and the description of quantum mechanics in terms of probabilities, to associate probability distributions with this particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 V. I. Man'ko , G. Marmo

In this paper, a modified formulation of generalized probabilistic theories that will always give rise to the structure of Hilbert space of quantum mechanics, in any finite outcome space, is presented and the guidelines to how to extend…

General Physics · Physics 2022-09-19 Raed M. Shaiia

We develop a general formulation of quantum statistical mechanics in terms of probability currents that satisfy continuity equations in the multi-particle position space, for closed and open systems with a fixed number of particles. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-19 Hrvoje Nikolic

We present a short derivation and discussion of the master equation for an open quantum system weakly coupled to a heat bath and then its generalization to the case of with periodic external driving based on the Floquet theory. Further, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-22 Robert Alicki , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , Gershon Kurizki

We introduce probability thermodynamics and probability quantum fields. By probability we mean that there is an unknown operator, physical or nonphysical, whose eigenvalues obey a certain statistical distribution. Eigenvalue spectra define…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-25 Ping Zhang , Wen-Du Li , Tong Liu , Wu-Sheng Dai

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation expresses a universal trade-off between precision and entropy production, which applies in its original formulation to current observables in steady-state systems. We generalize this relation to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-12-06 Timur Koyuk , Udo Seifert , Patrick Pietzonka

The theory of quantum thermodynamics investigates how the concepts of heat, work, and temperature can be carried over to the quantum realm, where fluctuations and randomness are fundamentally unavoidable. Of particular practical relevance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-23 Patrick P. Potts

We show that all non-relativistic quantum processes, whether open or closed, are either unitary or probabilistic unitary, i.e., probabilistic combination of unitary evolutions. This means that for open quantum systems, its continuous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-16 Le Hu , Andrew N. Jordan

The thermodynamics of quantum systems coupled to periodically modulated heat baths and work reservoirs is developed. By identifying affinities and fluxes, the first and second law are formulated consistently. In the linear response regime,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-29 Kay Brandner , Udo Seifert

In quantum theory, the modulus-square of the inner product of two normalized Hilbert space elements is to be interpreted as the transition probability between the pure states represented by these elements. A probabilistically motivated and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-14 Gerd Niestegge

In this work we theoretically study properties of electric current driven by a temperature gradient through a quantum dot/molecule coupled to the source and drain charge reservoirs. We analyze the effect of Coulomb interactions between…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Natalya A. Zimbovskaya

We study particle current in a recently proposed model for coherent quantum transport. In this model a system connected to mesoscopic Fermi reservoirs (meso-reservoir) is driven out of equilibrium by the action of super reservoirs…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-01-01 S. Ajisaka , F. Barra , C. Mejia-Monasterio , T. Prosen

The particle in an expanding/contracting 1-dimension box is revisited in action-angle like variables with direct thermodynamic interpretation. An angle dependent potential is proposed accurately describing the mechanical behavior while also…

Classical Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Adrian Faigon

Transition probabilities are an important and useful tool in quantum mechanics. However, in their present form, they are limited in scope and only apply to pure quantum states. In this article we extend their applicability to mixed states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Stan Gudder

The theory of quantum Brownian motion describes the properties of a large class of open quantum systems. Nonetheless, its description in terms of a Born-Markov master equation, widely used in the literature, is known to violate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-16 Aniello Lampo , Soon Hoe Lim , Jan Wehr , Pietro Massignan , Maciej Lewenstein

In the paper is discussed complete probabilistic description of quantum systems with application to multiqubit quantum computations. In simplest case it is a set of probabilities of transitions to some fixed set of states. The probabilities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alexander Yu. Vlasov

At non-zero temperature classical systems exhibit statistical fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities arising from the variation of the system's initial conditions and its interaction with the environment. The fluctuating work, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Rui Sampaio , Samu Suomela , Tapio Ala-Nissila , Janet Anders , Thomas Philbin