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To appear in Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics, published by Elsevier in early 2006. Comments/corrections welcome. The article surveys topological aspects in gauge theories.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Jackiw

We take some first steps in providing a synthetic theory of distributions. In particular, we are interested in the use of distribution theory as foundation, not just as tool, in the study of the wave equation.

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anders Kock , Gonzalo E. Reyes

A method for taking into account the long-range potential of atoms in the framework of the hard-sphere model is proposed. It is shown that thermodynamic quantities can be represented as a sum of three contribution: that of an ideal gas, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-14 Yu. M. Poluektov

This is a survey paper based on my talk at the Workshop on Orbifolds and String Theory, the goal of which was to explain the role of groupoids and their classifying spaces as a foundation for the theory of orbifolds.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ieke Moerdijk

This text is a survey on symmetric matrices. It serves as a script for a module to be taught at university.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-03-03 Helmut Kahl

This is a brief introduction to the basic concepts of topology. It includes the basic constructions, discusses separation properties, metric and pseudometric spaces, and gives some applications arising from the use of topology in computing.

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-04 E. -E. Doberkat

Group Theory has become an invaluable tool in the physics community. Despite numerous introductory books, the subject remains challenging for beginners. Mathematica has emerged as a popular tool for research and education, offering various…

This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on teaching experimental physics using sensors in tablets, smartphones, and some specialized devices. After a general discussion of the hardware (sensors) and the software (apps), we…

Physics Education · Physics 2022-06-29 Martin Monteiro , Arturo C. Marti

Science opportunities and recommendations concerning optical/infrared polarimetry for the upcoming decade in the fields of planetary systems and star formation. Community-based White Paper to Astro2010 in response to the call for such…

Many flexible parameterizations exist to represent data on the sphere. In addition to the venerable spherical harmonics, we have the Slepian basis, harmonic splines, wavelets and wavelet-like Slepian frames. In this paper we focus on the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-06-14 Frederik J. Simons , Ignace Loris , Eugene Brevdo , Ingrid C. Daubechies

In this paper we start with the applications of polyfold theory to symplectic field theory.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-12-05 Helmut Hofer , Kris Wysocki , Eduard Zehnder

This paper is a short introduction to orthogonal polynomials, both the general theory and some special classes. It ends with some remarks about the usage of computer algebra for this theory.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Tom H. Koornwinder

In this paper we discuss various philosophical aspects of the hyperstructure concept extending networks and higher categories. By this discussion we hope to pave the way for applications and further developments of the mathematical theory…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2015-12-02 Nils A. Baas

It is well-known that owing to the restricted character of the area additional surface terms emerge in the traditional form of hypervirial and/or Ehrenfest theorems. Especially, when one considers spherically symmetric potentials and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-31 Anzor Khelashvili , Teimuraz Nadareishvili

This paper provides a survey of spherical designs and their applications, with a particular emphasis on the perspective of ``numerical analysis''. A set \(X_N\) of \(N\) points on the unit sphere \(\mathbb{S}^d\) is called a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Congpei An , Xiaosheng Zhuang

This is a series of lectures on M Theory for cosmologists. After summarizing some of the main properties of M Theory and its dualities I show how it can be used to address various fundamental and phenomenological issues in cosmology.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Tom Banks

We show how to define and go from the spin-s spherical harmonics to the tensorial spin-s harmonics. These quantities, which are functions on the sphere taking values as Euclidean tensors, turn out to be extremely useful for many…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Ezra T. Newman , Gilberto Silva-Ortigoza

This article is meant as a summary and introduction to the ideas of effective field theory as applied to gravitational systems. Contents: 1. Introduction 2. Effective Field Theories 3. Low-Energy Quantum Gravity 4. Explicit Quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 C. P. Burgess

I present a review of the recent advancements in scattering theory, which provides a unified approach to studying dispersive and hyperbolic equations with general interaction terms and data. These equations encompass time-dependent…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Avy Soffer

A flexible model is developed for multivariate generalized spherical distributions, i.e. ones with level sets that are star shaped. To work in dimension above 2 requires tools from computational geometry and multivariate numerical…

Computation · Statistics 2015-10-26 John P Nolan