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User simulators are essential for training reinforcement learning (RL) based dialog models. The performance of the simulator directly impacts the RL policy. However, building a good user simulator that models real user behaviors is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Weiyan Shi , Kun Qian , Xuewei Wang , Zhou Yu

We propose a novel methodology to address dialog learning in the context of goal-oriented conversational systems. The key idea is to quantize the dialog space into clusters and create a language model across the clusters, thus allowing for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-27 R. Chulaka Gunasekara , David Nahamoo , Lazaros C. Polymenakos , Jatin Ganhotra , Kshitij P. Fadnis

World models have been widely utilized in robotics, gaming, and auto-driving. However, their applications on natural language tasks are relatively limited. In this paper, we construct the dialogue world model, which could predict the user's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yue Zhao , Xiaoyu Wang , Dan Wang , Zhonglin Jiang , Qingqing Gu , Teng Chen , Ningyuan Xi , Jinxian Qu , Yong Chen , Luo Ji

We consider real world task-oriented dialog settings, where agents need to generate both fluent natural language responses and correct external actions like database queries and updates. We demonstrate that, when applied to customer support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Rashmi Gangadharaiah , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Charles Elkan

Building dialogue systems requires a large corpus of annotated dialogues. Such datasets are usually created via crowdsourcing, which is expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose \textsc{Dialogic}, a novel dialogue simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zekun Li , Wenhu Chen , Shiyang Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Xifeng Yan

Learning suitable and well-performing dialogue behaviour in statistical spoken dialogue systems has been in the focus of research for many years. While most work which is based on reinforcement learning employs an objective measure like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Stefan Ultes

Dialogue state tracking (DST) is an essential sub-task for task-oriented dialogue systems. Recent work has focused on deep neural models for DST. However, the neural models require a large dataset for training. Furthermore, applying them to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Hyunmin Jeon , Gary Geunbae Lee

Voice controlled applications can be a great aid to society, especially for physically challenged people. However this requires robustness to all kinds of variations in speech. A spoken language understanding system that learns from…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-06 Jakob Poncelet , Hugo Van hamme

We describe a two-step approach for dialogue management in task-oriented spoken dialogue systems. A unified neural network framework is proposed to enable the system to first learn by supervision from a set of dialogue data and then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-09 Pei-Hao Su , Milica Gasic , Nikola Mrksic , Lina Rojas-Barahona , Stefan Ultes , David Vandyke , Tsung-Hsien Wen , Steve Young

We apply sequence-to-sequence model to mitigate the impact of speech recognition errors on open domain end-to-end dialog generation. We cast the task as a domain adaptation problem where ASR transcriptions and original text are in two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Pin-Jung Chen , I-Hung Hsu , Yi-Yao Huang , Hung-Yi Lee

We investigate the task of building open domain, conversational dialogue systems based on large dialogue corpora using generative models. Generative models produce system responses that are autonomously generated word-by-word, opening up…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-08 Iulian V. Serban , Alessandro Sordoni , Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Joelle Pineau

Dialogue policy optimisation via reinforcement learning requires a large number of training interactions, which makes learning with real users time consuming and expensive. Many set-ups therefore rely on a user simulator instead of humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Hsien-chin Lin , Nurul Lubis , Songbo Hu , Carel van Niekerk , Christian Geishauser , Michael Heck , Shutong Feng , Milica Gašić

In this work, we present a hybrid learning method for training task-oriented dialogue systems through online user interactions. Popular methods for learning task-oriented dialogues include applying reinforcement learning with user feedback…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-19 Bing Liu , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Pararth Shah , Larry Heck

We present a novel approach to dialogue state tracking and referring expression resolution tasks. Successful contextual understanding of multi-turn spoken dialogues requires resolving referring expressions across turns and tracking the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Pushpendre Rastogi , Arpit Gupta , Tongfei Chen , Lambert Mathias

In the realm of dialogue systems, user simulation techniques have emerged as a game-changer, redefining the evaluation and enhancement of task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems. These methods are crucial for replicating real user…

This paper gives an overview of the Schema-Guided Dialogue State Tracking task of the 8th Dialogue System Technology Challenge. The goal of this task is to develop dialogue state tracking models suitable for large-scale virtual assistants,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Abhinav Rastogi , Xiaoxue Zang , Srinivas Sunkara , Raghav Gupta , Pranav Khaitan

Current instruction data synthesis methods primarily focus on single-turn instructions and often neglect cross-turn coherence, resulting in context drift and reduced task completion rates in extended conversations. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jiawei Chen , Xinyan Guan , Qianhao Yuan , Guozhao Mo , Weixiang Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Le Sun , Xianpei Han

Neural generative models have been become increasingly popular when building conversational agents. They offer flexibility, can be easily adapted to new domains, and require minimal domain engineering. A common criticism of these systems is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Chinnadhurai Sankar , Sandeep Subramanian , Christopher Pal , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Proposal of large-scale datasets has facilitated research on deep neural models for news summarization. Deep learning can also be potentially useful for spoken dialogue summarization, which can benefit a range of real-life scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Yulong Chen , Yang Liu , Liang Chen , Yue Zhang

Task-oriented dialogue systems (TDSs) are assessed mainly in an offline setting or through human evaluation. The evaluation is often limited to single-turn or is very time-intensive. As an alternative, user simulators that mimic user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Weiwei Sun , Shuyu Guo , Shuo Zhang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren