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In contrast to the wide-spread opinion that any separable quantum state satisfies every classical probabilistic constraint, we present a simple example where a separable quantum state does not satisfy the original Bell inequality although…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Elena R. Loubenets

In this paper we investigate properties of several randomness generation protocols in the device independent framework. Using Bell-type inequalities it is possible to certify that the numbers generated by an untrusted device are indeed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-25 Piotr Mironowicz , Marcin Pawłowski

The observation of quantum nonlocality, i.e. quantum correlations violating a Bell inequality, implies the use of incompatible local quantum measurements. Here we consider the converse question. That is, can any set of incompatible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-06 Marco Túlio Quintino , Joseph Bowles , Flavien Hirsch , Nicolas Brunner

Derivation and experimental violation of Bell-like inequalities involve the measurement of in-compatible observables. Simple complementarity forbids the existence of such joint probabilitydistribution. Moreover, the measurement of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-18 Elisa Masa , Laura Ares , Alfredo Luis

The Bell inequality constrains the outcomes of measurements on pairs of distant entangled particles. The Bell contradiction states that the Bell inequality is inconsistent with the calculated outcomes of these quantum experiments. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kees van Hee , Kees van Berkel , Jan de Graaf

The characterization of the set of quantum correlations is a problem of fundamental importance in quantum information. The question whether every proper (tight) Bell inequality is violated in Quantum theory is an intriguing one in this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-04 Ravishankar Ramanathan

When three or more particles are considered, quantum correlations can be stronger than the correlations generated by so-called hybrid local hidden variable models, where some of the particles are considered as a single block inside which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-13 Fabian Bernards , Otfried Gühne

The problem of closing the detection loophole with asymmetric systems, such as entangled atom-photon pairs, is addressed. We show that, for the Bell inequality I_3322, a minimal detection efficiency of 43% can be tolerated for one of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Valerio Scarani , Christoph Simon

The violation of certain Bell inequalities allows for device-independent information processing secure against non-signalling eavesdroppers. However, this only holds for the Bell network, in which two or more agents perform local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-12 Ciarán M. Lee , Matty J. Hoban

We remind the viewpoint that violation of Bell's inequality might be interpreted not only as an evidence of the alternative -- either nonlocality or ``death of reality'' (under the assumption the quantum mechanics is incomplete). Violation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-08-03 Andrei Khrennikov

Nonlocality, manifested by the violation of Bell inequalities, indicates entanglement within a joint quantum system. A natural question is how much entanglement is required for a given nonlocal behavior. Here, we explore this question by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Yuwei Zhu , Xingjian Zhang , Xiongfeng Ma

According to recent reports, the last loopholes in testing Bell's inequality are closed. It is argued that the really important task in this field has not been tackled yet and that the leading experiments claiming to close locality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Vaidman

Quantum correlations exhibit behaviour that cannot be resolved with a local hidden variable picture of the world. In quantum information, they are also used as resources for information processing tasks, such as Measurement-based Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-10 Matty J. Hoban , Earl T. Campbell , Klearchos Loukopoulos , Dan E. Browne

Bell's theorem is 50 years old. Still there is a controversy about its implications. Much of it has its roots in confusion regarding the premises from which the theorem can be derived. Some claim that a derivation of Bell's inequalities…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-20 Marek Zukowski , Caslav Brukner

The violation of a Bell inequality implies the existence of nonlocality, making device-independent randomness certification possible. This paper derives a tight upper bound for the maximal quantum violation of Gisin's elegant Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Dan-Dan Hu , Meng-Yan Li , Fen-Zhuo Guo , Yu-Kun Wang , Hai-Feng Dong , Fei Gao

Randomness is a fundamental feature in nature and a valuable resource for applications ranging from cryptography and gambling to numerical simulation of physical and biological systems. Random numbers, however, are difficult to characterize…

Bell nonlocality is an intrinsic feature of quantum mechanics, which can be certified via the violation of Bell inequalities. It is therefore a fundamental question to certify Bell nonlocality from experimental data. Here, we present an…

Bell's Theorem requires any theory which obeys the technical definitions of Free Choice and Local Causality to satisfy the Bell inequality. Invariant set theory is a finite theory of quantum physics which violates the Bell inequality…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 T. N. Palmer

Quantum causality violates classical intuitions of cause and effect and is a unique quantum feature different from other quantum phenomena such as entanglement and quantum nonlocality. In order to avoid the detection loophole in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Zhu Cao

We derive a Bell inequality based on a generalized quasiprobability function which is parameterized by one non-positive real value. Two types of known Bell inequalities formulated in terms of the Wigner and Q functions are included as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-06 Seung-Woo Lee , Hyunseok Jeong , Dieter Jaksch
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