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Item response theory (IRT) is a non-linear generative probabilistic paradigm for using exams to identify, quantify, and compare latent traits of individuals, relative to their peers, within a population of interest. In pre-existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Joshua C. Chang , Shashaank Vattikuti , Carson C. Chow

In this paper we consider sparse and identifiable linear latent variable (factor) and linear Bayesian network models for parsimonious analysis of multivariate data. We propose a computationally efficient method for joint parameter and model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-24 Ricardo Henao , Ole Winther

Item Response Theory (IRT) models aim to assess latent abilities of $n$ examinees along with latent difficulty characteristics of $m$ test items from categorical data that indicates the quality of their corresponding answers. Classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Susanne Frick , Amer Krivošija , Alexander Munteanu

Computerized adaptive tests (CATs) play a crucial role in educational assessment and diagnostic screening in behavioral health. Unlike traditional linear tests that administer a fixed set of pre-assembled items, CATs adaptively tailor the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-11 Jiguang Li , Robert Gibbons , Veronika Rockova

In this study, we develop a latent factor model for analysing high-dimensional binary data. Specifically, a standard probit model is used to describe the regression relationship between the observed binary data and the continuous latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-15 Jiaxin Shi , Yuan Gao , Rui Pan , Hansheng Wang

Traditional methods for determining assessment item parameters, such as difficulty and discrimination, rely heavily on expensive field testing to collect student performance data for Item Response Theory (IRT) calibration. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Christopher Ormerod

This study discusses an alternative tool for modeling student assessment data. The model constructs networks from a matrix item responses and attempts to represent these data in low dimensional Euclidean space. This procedure has advantages…

Applications · Statistics 2020-03-18 Alex Brodersen , Ick Hoon Jin , Ying Cheng , Minjeong Jeon

Suppose we observe samples of a subset of a collection of random variables. No additional information is provided about the number of latent variables, nor of the relationship between the latent and observed variables. Is it possible to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-11-05 Venkat Chandrasekaran , Pablo A. Parrilo , Alan S. Willsky

Our concern is selecting the concentration matrix's nonzero coefficients for a sparse Gaussian graphical model in a high-dimensional setting. This corresponds to estimating the graph of conditional dependencies between the variables. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-04-05 Christophe Ambroise , Julien Chiquet , Catherine Matias

Learning controllable and generalizable representation of multivariate data with desired structural properties remains a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this paper, we present a novel framework for learning generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Ruixiang Zhang , Masanori Koyama , Katsuhiko Ishiguro

Item response theory (IRT) has become one of the most popular statistical models for psychometrics, a field of study concerned with the theory and techniques of psychological measurement. The IRT models are latent factor models tailored to…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-20 Yunxiao Chen , Xiaoou Li , Jingchen Liu , Zhiliang Ying

Item Response Theory (IRT) and Factor Analysis (FA) are two major frameworks used to model multi-item measurements of latent traits. While the relationship between two-parameter IRT models and dichotomized FA models is well established, IRT…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-03 Ján Pavlech , Patrícia Martinková

The goal of item response theoretic (IRT) models is to provide estimates of latent traits from binary observed indicators and at the same time to learn the item response functions (IRFs) that map from latent trait to observed response.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-23 JBrandon Duck-Mayr , Roman Garnett , Jacob M. Montgomery

We propose a general framework for reduced-rank modeling of matrix-valued data. By applying a generalized nuclear norm penalty we can directly model low-dimensional latent variables associated with rows and columns. Our framework flexibly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-23 William Fithian , Rahul Mazumder

Graphical models are commonly used tools for modeling multivariate random variables. While there exist many convenient multivariate distributions such as Gaussian distribution for continuous data, mixed data with the presence of discrete…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-30 Jianqing Fan , Han Liu , Yang Ning , Hui Zou

While graphical models for continuous data (Gaussian graphical models) and discrete data (Ising models) have been extensively studied, there is little work on graphical models linking both continuous and discrete variables (mixed data),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-22 Jie Cheng , Tianxi Li , Elizaveta Levina , Ji Zhu

A semi-parametric, non-linear regression model in the presence of latent variables is applied towards learning network graph structure. These latent variables can correspond to unmodeled phenomena or unmeasured agents in a complex system of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-07-03 Jonathan Mei , José M. F. Moura

Latent variable models are popularly used to measure latent factors (e.g., abilities and personalities) from large-scale assessment data. Beyond understanding these latent factors, the covariate effect on responses controlling for latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Jing Ouyang , Chengyu Cui , Kean Ming Tan , Gongjun Xu

We consider analysis of dependent functional data that are correlated because of a longitudinal-based design: each subject is observed at repeated time visits and for each visit we record a functional variable. We propose a novel…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-30 So Young Park , Ana-Maria Staicu

Multivariate regression model is a natural generalization of the classical univari- ate regression model for fitting multiple responses. In this paper, we propose a high- dimensional multivariate conditional regression model for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-26 Junhui Wang