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A background-independent route towards a universal continuum limit in discrete models of quantum gravity proceeds through a background-independent form of coarse graining. This review provides a pedagogical introduction to the conceptual…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-03 Astrid Eichhorn , Tim Koslowski , Antonio D. Pereira

In the context of loop quantum gravity, quantum states of geometry are mathematically defined as spin networks living on graphs embedded in the canonical space-like hypersurface. In the effort to study the renormalisation flow of loop…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-17 Etera R. Livine

We discuss the relationship between geometry, the renormalization group (RG) and gravity. We begin by reviewing our recent work on crossover problems in field theory. By crossover we mean the interpolation between different representations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-02-06 Denjoe O'Connor , C. R. Stephens

Inspired by group cohomology, we define several coarse topological invariants of metric spaces. We define the coarse cohomological dimension of a metric space, and demonstrate that if G is a countable group, then the coarse cohomological…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-08 Alexander Margolis

We perform the renormalization-group-like numerical analysis of geographically embedded complex networks on the two-dimensional square lattice. At each step of coarsegraining procedure, the four vertices on each $2 \times 2$ square box are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Beom Jun Kim

We propose a novel coarse graining tensor renormalization group method based on the higher-order singular value decomposition. This method provides an accurate but low computational cost technique for studying both classical and quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-19 Z. Y. Xie , J. Chen , M. P. Qin , J. W. Zhu , L. P. Yang , T. Xiang

We introduce an efficient algorithm for reducing bond dimensions in an arbitrary tensor network without changing its geometry. The method is based on a novel, quantitative understanding of local correlations in a network. Together with a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-08-23 Markus Hauru , Clement Delcamp , Sebastian Mizera

A topological space homeomorphic to a self-similar space is demonstrated to be self-similar. There exists a self-similar space $S$ whose coarse graining is homeomorphic to $S$. The coarse graining of $S$ is, therefore, self-similar again.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-07-22 Akihiko Kitada , Tomoyuki Yamamoto , Tsuyoshi Yoshioka , Shousuke Ohmori

We investigate the geometry of the family $\cal M$ of isometry classes of compact metric spaces, endowed with the Gromov-Hausdorff metric. We show that sufficiently small neighborhoods of generic finite spaces in the subspace of all finite…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Stavros Iliadis , Alexander Ivanov , Alexey Tuzhilin

We examine the fundamental question whether a random discrete structure with the minimal number of restrictions can converge to continuous metric space. We study the geometrical properties such as the dimensionality and the curvature…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-05-14 Ioannis Kleftogiannis , Ilias Amanatidis

The Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance enables comparing metric measure spaces based solely on their internal structure, making it invariant to isomorphic transformations. This property is particularly useful for comparing datasets that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Gabriel Rioux , Ziv Goldfeld , Kengo Kato

Ergodic exploration has spawned a lot of interest in mobile robotics due to its ability to design time trajectories that match desired spatial coverage statistics. However, current ergodic approaches are for continuous spaces, which require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Benjamin Wong , Ryan H. Lee , Tyler M. Paine , Santosh Devasia , Ashis G. Banerjee

Holographic renormalization is a systematic procedure for regulating divergences in observables in asymptotically locally AdS spacetimes. For dual boundary field theories which are supersymmetric it is natural to ask whether this defines a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-09 Pietro Benetti Genolini , Davide Cassani , Dario Martelli , James Sparks

We explore how minimal neural networks can invert the renormalization group (RG) coarse-graining procedure in the two-dimensional Ising model, effectively ``dreaming up'' microscopic configurations from coarse-grained states. This task -…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-08 Adam Rançon , Ulysse Rançon , Tomislav Ivek , Ivan Balog

In this paper, we propose a novel Quantum Spacetime Theory (QST) that reinterprets spacetime as an emergent structure, challenging the traditional block universe paradigm and aligning with research into emergent spacetime. Using a sphere…

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Craig Philpot

In this brief article I show how the notion of coarse graining and the Renormalization Group enter naturally in the dynamics of genetic systems, in particular in the presence of recombination. I show how the latter induces a dynamics…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Christopher R. Stephens

Consider the geometric inverse problem: There is a set of delta-sources in spacetime that emit waves travelling at unit speed. If we know all the arrival times at the boundary cylinder of the spacetime, can we reconstruct the space, a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2023-08-09 Maarten V. de Hoop , Joonas Ilmavirta , Matti Lassas , Teemu Saksala

We analyze the coarse geometry of the Weil-Petersson metric on Teichm\"uller space, focusing on applications to its synthetic geometry (in particular the behavior of geodesics). We settle the question of the strong relative hyperbolicity of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Jeffrey Brock , Howard Masur

In 2014, Gromov conjectured that sequences of manifolds with nonnegative scalar curvature should have subsequences which converge in some geometric sense to limit spaces with some notion of generalized nonnegative scalar curvature. In…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Christina Sormani , Wenchuan Tian , Wai-Ho Yeung

We review a coarse-graining theory for divergence-form elliptic operators. The construction centers on a pair of coarse-grained matrices defined on spatial blocks that encode a scale-dependent notion of ellipticity, transmit precise…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-09-30 Scott Armstrong , Tuomo Kuusi