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The recently discovered AV3Sb5 (A=K, Rb, Cs) family, possessing V kagome nets, has received considerable attention due to the topological electronic structure and intriguing correlated phenomena, including an exotic charge density wave…

To investigate the interplay between charge density wave (CDW) and superconductivity, we performed ultralow-temperature spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy on the cleaved surface of the layered superconductor 2H-NbSe2. We…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-02-16 Tetsuo Hanaguri

The cuprate high temperature superconductors develop spontaneous charge density wave (CDW) order below a temperature $T_{CDW}$ and over a wide range of hole doping (p). An outstanding challenge in the field is to understand whether this…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-09-04 B. Loret , Y. Gallais , M. Cazayous , A. Forget , D. Colson , M. -H. Julien , I. Paul , M. Civelli , A. Sacuto

Low-dimensional materials are susceptible to electronic instabilities such as charge density waves (CDWs), originating from a divergence in the Lindhard electron response function, combined with a finite electron-phonon coupling strength.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-09-11 Fei Guo , Michele Puppin , Lukas Hellbruck , Arnaud Magrez , Eduardo B. Guedes , Igor Sokolovic , J. Hugo Dil

Charge density waves (CDWs) have been tied to a number of unusual phenomena in kagome metals, including rotation symmetry breaking, time-reversal symmetry breaking and superconductivity. The majority of the experiments thus far have focused…

A recent discovery of the pair density wave (PDW) order creates a stir in understanding an underlying physics in the pseudogap states of the cuprate high temperature superconductors. We have performed a Spectroscopic Imaging Scanning…

Superconductivity · Physics 2021-10-02 Zengyi Du , Hui Li , Kazuhiro Fujita

Understanding phase competition and phase separation in quantum materials requires access to the spatiotemporal dynamics of electronic ordering phenomena on a micro- to nanometer length- and femtosecond timescale. While time- and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-04 J. Maklar , P. Walmsley , I. R. Fisher , L. Rettig

Topological defects are singularities in an ordered phase that can have a profound effect on phase transitions and serve as a window into the order parameter. In this work we use scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize the role of…

Pair density wave (PDW) is a distinct superconducting state characterized by a periodic modulation of its order parameter in real space. Its intricate interplay with the charge density wave (CDW) state is a continuing topic of interest in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-04 Lu Cao , Yucheng Xue , Yingbo Wang , Fu-Chun Zhang , Jian Kang , Hong-Jun Gao , Jinhai Mao , Yuhang Jiang

Charge density wave (CDW) phases are symmetry-reduced states of matter in which a periodic modulation of the electronic charge frequently leads to drastic changes of the electronic spectrum, including the emergence of energy gaps. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-06-30 Bahadur Singh , Chuang-Han Hsu , Wei-Feng Tsai , Vitor M. Pereira , Hsin Lin

The interplay between charge density wave (CDW) and superconducting vortex bound states are crucial for fundamental physics of superconductivity and advancing quantum nanotechnologies. However, the CDW-mediated modulation of vortex bound…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-01-13 Hao Zhang , Hui Chen , Zichen Huang , Zi-Ang Wang , Senhao Lv , Guoyu Xian , Hui Guo , Haitao Yang , Hong-Jun Gao

We have fabricated longitudinal nanoconstrictions in the charge-density wave conductor (CDW) NbSe$_{3}$ using a focused ion beam and using a mechanically controlled break-junction technique. Conductance peaks are observed below the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 K. O'Neill , E. Slot , R. E. Thorne , H. S. J. van der Zant

The charge density wave (CDW) is a macroscopic quantum state characterized by long-range lattice distortion and modulated charge density. Conventionally, CDWs compete with other electronic orders (e.g. superconductivity) and are suppressed…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-07-23 Liucheng Chen , Mingwei Ma , Xiaohui Yu , Fang Hong

The charge density wave (CDW) in 1T-TiSe2 accompanied by the periodic lattice distortion has a nontrivial symmetry configuration. The symmetry is important as an indication of the mechanism and a cue for experimental probes. We examine the…

We present an optical spectroscopy study on singe crystalline ErTe$_3$, a rare-earth-element tri-telluride which experiences two successive charge density wave (CDW) transitions at T$_{c1}$ = 267 K and T$_{c2}$ = 150 K. Two corresponding…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-01-16 B. F. Hu , B. Cheng , R. H. Yuan , T. Dong , A. F. Fang , W. T. Guo , Z. G. Chen , P. Zheng , Y. G. Shi , N. L. Wang

We investigate the layered magnetic semiconductor EuTe4, focusing on its intricate charge-density wave (CDW) states near and above room temperature through single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic, and thermoelectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-25 Hidefumi Takahashi , Kiichiro Yoshida , Akitoshi Nakano , Shintaro Ishiwata

The ternary chalcogenide Bi2Rh3Se2 was found to be a charge density wave (CDW) superconductor with a 2*2 periodicity. The key questions regarding the underlying mechanism of CDW state and its interplay with lattice and electronic properties…

Impurity pinning has long been discussed to have a profound effect on the dynamics of an incommensurate charge density wave (CDW), which would otherwise slide through the lattice without resistance. Here we visualize the impurity pinning…

We report the observation of two-fold rotation symmetry in charge density wave (CDW) state in the newly discovered Kagome superconductor CsV$_3$Sb$_5$. Below its CDW transition temperature ($T_{CDW}$), the polarization rotation of the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2022-11-09 Qiong Wu , Z. X. Wang , Q. M. Liu , R. S. Li , S. X. Xu , Q. W. Yin , C. S. Gong , Z. J. Tu , H. C. Lei , T. Dong , N. L. Wang

Stationary Josephson tunnel current $I_{c}$ between superconductors with $d$-wave order parameter symmetry and charge-density-wave (CDW) partial gapping was analyzed in the two-dimensional model appropriate to high-$T_{c}$ cuprates. It was…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-10-17 Alexander M. Gabovich , Mai Suan Li , Henryk Szymczak , Alexander I. Voitenko