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These lecture notes for a graduate class present the regularization theory for linear and nonlinear ill-posed operator equations in Hilbert spaces. Covered are the general framework of regularization methods and their analysis via spectral…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-02-09 Christian Clason

Inverse optimal control (IOC) aims to estimate the underlying cost that governs the observed behavior of an expert system. However, in practical scenarios, the collected data is often corrupted by noise, which poses significant challenges…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Ziliang Wang , Axel Ringh , Han Zhang

This paper considers the problem of adaptive estimation of a template in a randomly shifted curve model. Using the Fourier transform of the data, we show that this problem can be transformed into a stochastic linear inverse problem. Our aim…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-11-10 Jérémie Bigot , Sébastien Gadat , Clément Marteau

The Matrix Multiplicative Weight Update (MMWU) is a seminal online learning algorithm with numerous applications. Applied to the matrix version of the Learning from Expert Advice (LEA) problem on the $d$-dimensional spectraplex, it is well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Weiyuan Gong , Tongyang Li , Xinzhao Wang , Zhiyu Zhang

Stochastic gradient descent is one of the most successful approaches for solving large-scale problems, especially in machine learning and statistics. At each iteration, it employs an unbiased estimator of the full gradient computed from one…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Bangti Jin , Xiliang Lu

Opportunistic detection rules (ODRs) are variants of fixed-sample-size detection rules in which the statistician is allowed to make an early decision on the alternative hypothesis opportunistically based on the sequentially observed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Wenyi Zhang , George V. Moustakides , H. Vincent Poor

Early stopping of iterative algorithms is a widely-used form of regularization in statistics, commonly used in conjunction with boosting and related gradient-type algorithms. Although consistency results have been established in some…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-15 Yuting Wei , Fanny Yang , Martin J. Wainwright

Hierarchical optimization refers to problems with interdependent decision variables and objectives, such as minimax and bilevel formulations. While various algorithms have been proposed, existing methods and analyses lack adaptivity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xiaochuan Gong , Jie Hao , Mingrui Liu

In this paper we consider a stochastic heavy-ball method for solving linear ill-posed inverse problems. With suitable choices of the step-sizes and the momentum coefficients, we establish the regularization property of the method under {\it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-25 Qinian Jin , Yanjun Liu

Bayesian inference for high-dimensional inverse problems is computationally costly and requires selecting a suitable prior distribution. Amortized variational inference addresses these challenges via a neural network that approximates the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-19 Ali Siahkoohi , Gabrio Rizzuti , Rafael Orozco , Felix J. Herrmann

We consider statistical linear inverse problems in separable Hilbert spaces and filter-based reconstruction methods of the form $\hat f_\alpha = q_\alpha \left(T^*T\right)T^*Y$, where $Y$ is the available data, $T$ the forward operator,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Housen Li , Frank Werner

Optimal prediction (OP) methods compensate for a lack of resolution in the numerical solution of complex problems through the use of an invariant measure as a prior measure in the Bayesian sense. In first-order OP, unresolved information is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 John Bell , Alexandre J. Chorin , William Crutchfield

We study non-linear Bayesian inverse problems arising from semilinear partial differential equations (PDEs) that can be transformed into linear Bayesian inverse problems. We are then able to extend the early stopping for Ensemble…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-22 Maia Tienstra , Gottfried Hastermann

In this work, we propose an adaptive spectral element algorithm for solving nonlinear optimal control problems. The method employs orthogonal collocation at the shifted Gegenbauer-Gauss points combined with very accurate and stable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Kareem T. Elgindy

Recent literature has made much progress in understanding \emph{online LQR}: a modern learning-theoretic take on the classical control problem in which a learner attempts to optimally control an unknown linear dynamical system with fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Max Simchowitz

Empirical research typically involves a robustness-efficiency tradeoff. A researcher seeking to estimate a scalar parameter can invoke strong assumptions to motivate a restricted estimator that is precise but may be heavily biased, or they…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-17 Timothy B. Armstrong , Patrick Kline , Liyang Sun

In this paper we the formulation of inverse problems as constrained minimization problems and their iterative solution by gradient or Newton type. We carry out a convergence analysis in the sense of regularization methods and discuss…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-15 Barbara Kaltenbacher , Kha Van Huynh

This paper addresses the inverse optimal control for the linear quadratic tracking problem with a fixed but unknown target state, which aims to estimate the possible triplets comprising the target state, the state weight matrix, and the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-14 Yao Li , Chengpu Yu , Hao Fang , Jie Chen

We study stochastic differential equations on the $d$-dimensional flat torus $\mathbb{T}^d$ with drift and perturbation coefficients in $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{T}^d;\mathbb{R}^d)$ and additive non-degenerate noise. For the associated transfer…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Gianmarco Del Sarto , Franco Flandoli , Stefano Galatolo , Sakshi Jain , Angxiu Ni

We propose an unsupervised approach for learning end-to-end reconstruction operators for ill-posed inverse problems. The proposed method combines the classical variational framework with iterative unrolling, which essentially seeks to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Subhadip Mukherjee , Marcello Carioni , Ozan Öktem , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb