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The declining response rates in probability surveys along with the widespread availability of unstructured data has led to growing research into non-probability samples. Existing robust approaches are not well-developed for non-Gaussian…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-29 Ali Rafei , Michael R. Elliott , Carol A. C. Flannagan

Intuitively, sampling is likely to be more efficient for prevalence estimation, if the cases (or positives) have a relatively higher representation in the sample than in the population. In case the virus is transmitted via personal…

Applications · Statistics 2020-11-18 Li-Chun Zhang

This work presents a tractable approach to multi-object posterior computation under a generic measurement likelihood function. While filtering is a popular solution, valuable historical information is discarded. Posterior inference, which…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-15 Ba Tuong Vo , Ba-Ngu Vo

Methods for extending -- generalizing or transporting -- inferences from a randomized trial to a target population involve conditioning on a large set of covariates that is sufficient for rendering the randomized and non-randomized groups…

Estimating the prevalence of a medical condition, or the proportion of the population in which it occurs, is a fundamental problem in healthcare and public health. Accurate estimates of the relative prevalence across groups -- capturing,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Divya Shanmugam , Kaihua Hou , Emma Pierson

Measuring public opinion at subnational geographies is critical to many theories in political science. Multilevel regression and post-stratification (MRP) is a popular tool for doing so, although existing work is limited to measuring…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Max Goplerud , Michael Auslen

We devise survey-weighted pseudo posterior distribution estimators under two-stage informative sampling of both primary clusters and secondary nested units for a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) population generating model as a simple…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-16 Terrance D. Savitsky , Matthew R. Williams , Sanvesh Srivastava

In epidemiology and social sciences, propensity score methods are popular for estimating treatment effects using observational data, and multiple imputation is popular for handling covariate missingness. However, how to appropriately use…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-30 Trang Quynh Nguyen , Elizabeth A. Stuart

We consider inference for M-estimators after model selection using a sparsity-inducing penalty. While existing methods for this task require bespoke inference procedures, we propose a simpler approach, which relies on two insights: (i)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-21 Ronan Perry , Snigdha Panigrahi , Daniela Witten

The recent wide adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) presents great opportunities and challenges for data mining. The EMR data is largely temporal, often noisy, irregular and high dimensional. This paper constructs a novel ordinal…

Applications · Statistics 2014-07-24 Truyen Tran , Dinh Phung , Wei Luo , Svetha Venkatesh

In observational studies, the recorded treatment assignment is not purely random, but it is influenced by external factors such as patient characteristics, reimbursement policies, and existing guidelines. Therefore, the treatment effect can…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-02 Sara Poletto , Enrico Longato , Erica Tavazzi , Martina Vettoretti

Estimates from infectious disease models have constituted a significant part of the scientific evidence used to inform the response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK. These estimates can vary strikingly in their bias and variability.…

Applications · Statistics 2022-10-12 R. E. Moore , C. Rosato , S. Maskell

We introduce a new sufficient statistic for the population parameter vector by allowing for the sampling design to first be selected at random amongst a set of candidate sampling designs. In contrast to the traditional approach in survey…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-11 Kyle Vincent , Christopher S. Henry

Statisticians have recently developed propensity score methods to improve generalizations from randomized experiments that do not employ random sampling. However, these methods typically rely on assumptions whose plausibility may be…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-14 Wendy Chan

We study the problem of learning from aggregate observations where supervision signals are given to sets of instances instead of individual instances, while the goal is still to predict labels of unseen individuals. A well-known example is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-08 Yivan Zhang , Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Zhenguo Wu , Masashi Sugiyama

Classical randomized experiments, equipped with randomization-based inference, provide assumption-free inference for treatment effects. They have been the gold standard for drawing causal inference and provide excellent internal validity.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-22 Zihao Yang , Tianyi Qu , Xinran Li

In this study, we propose shrinkage methods based on {\it generalized ridge regression} (GRR) estimation which is suitable for both multicollinearity and high dimensional problems with small number of samples (large $p$, small $n$). Also,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-04 Bahadır Yüzbaşı , Mohammad Arashi , S. Ejaz Ahmed

A learned generative model often produces biased statistics relative to the underlying data distribution. A standard technique to correct this bias is importance sampling, where samples from the model are weighted by the likelihood ratio…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-05 Aditya Grover , Jiaming Song , Alekh Agarwal , Kenneth Tran , Ashish Kapoor , Eric Horvitz , Stefano Ermon

We present a novel Bayesian workflow for multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP), introducing extensions to time-varying data and granular geography and publicly available open-source computation tools, facilitating broad…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-06 Yajuan Si , Toan Tran , Jonah Gabry , Mitzi Morris , Andrew Gelman

Non-parametric estimation of a multivariate density estimation is tackled via a method which combines traditional local smoothing with a form of global smoothing but without imposing a rigid structure. Simulation work delivers encouraging…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-10 Adelchi Azzalini