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Connection matrices for graph parameters with values in a field have been introduced by M. Freedman, L. Lov{\'a}sz and A. Schrijver (2007). Graph parameters with connection matrices of finite rank can be computed in polynomial time on graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-13 Nadia Labai , Johann A. Makowsky

In this paper we define a degree for ends of infinite digraphs. The well-definedness of our definition in particular resolves a problem by Zuther. Furthermore, we extend our notion of end degree to also respect, among others, the vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-03 Matthias Hamann , Karl Heuer

Deciding whether a planar graph (even of maximum degree $4$) is $3$-colorable is NP-complete. Determining subclasses of planar graphs being $3$-colorable has a long history, but since Gr\"{o}tzsch's result that triangle-free planar graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-15 François Dross , Borut Lužar , Mária Maceková , Roman Soták

We show a surprising link between experimental setups to realize high-dimensional multipartite quantum states and Graph Theory. In these setups, the paths of photons are identified such that the photon-source information is never created.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-18 Mario Krenn , Xuemei Gu , Anton Zeilinger

We study the problem of generating graphs with prescribed degree sequences for bipartite, directed, and undirected networks. We first propose a sequential method for bipartite graph generation and establish a necessary and sufficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-13 Tong Sun , Jianshu Hao , Michael C. Fu , Guangxin Jiang

Dirac showed that in a $(k-1)$-connected graph there is a path through each $k$ vertices. The path $k$-connectivity $\pi_k(G)$ of a graph $G$, which is a generalization of Dirac's notion, was introduced by Hager in 1986. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-15 Yaping Mao

We introduce and study the $\textit{OrthoSEFE}-k$ problem: Given $k$ planar graphs each with maximum degree 4 and the same vertex set, do they admit an OrthoSEFE, that is, is there an assignment of the vertices to grid points and of the…

In this paper, we prove tight sufficient conditions for traceability and Hamiltonicity of connected graphs with given minimum degree, in terms of Wiener index and Harary index. We also prove some result on Hamiltonicity of balanced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-01-30 Hongbo Hua , Bo Ning

The generalized $k$-connectivity $\kappa_k(G)$ of a graph $G$, introduced by Hager in 1985, is a natural generalization of the concept of connectivity $\kappa(G)$, which is just for $k=2$. Total graph is generalized line graph and a large…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-04 Yinkui Li

For planar graphs, it is well known that high connectivity implies a Hamiltonian cycle and hence any 4-connected planar graph has a near-perfect matching. Nevertheless, whether 6-connected 1-planar graphs admit near-perfect matchings…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Licheng Zhang Yuanqiu Huang Zhangdong Ouyang

Research about crossings is typically about minimization. In this paper, we consider \emph{maximizing} the number of crossings over all possible ways to draw a given graph in the plane. Alpert et al. [Electron. J. Combin., 2009] conjectured…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Markus Chimani , Stefan Felsner , Stephen Kobourov , Torsten Ueckerdt , Pavel Valtr , Alexander Wolff

We exactly settle the complexity of graph realization, graph rigidity, and graph global rigidity as applied to three types of graphs: "globally noncrossing" graphs, which avoid crossings in all of their configurations; matchstick graphs,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zachary Abel , Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Sarah Eisenstat , Jayson Lynch , Tao B. Schardl

The recently introduced \emph{Degree Preserving Growth} model (Nature Physics, \DOI{10.1038/s41567-021-01417-7}) uses matchings to insert new vertices of prescribed degrees into the current graph of an ever-growing graph sequence. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Péter L. Erdős , Shubha R. Kharel , Tamás Róbert Mezei , Zoltán Toroczkai

We determine a lower bound for the number of edges of a 2-connected maximal nontraceable graph, and present a construction of an infinite family of maximal nontraceable graphs that realize this bound.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marietjie Frick , Joy Singleton

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges such that every color class induces a matching. We here focus on bipartite graphs whose one part is of maximum degree at most $3$ and the other part is of maximum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Julien Bensmail , Aurélie Lagoutte , Petru Valicov

It is a famous result of Lovasz and Yemini (1982) that 6-connected graphs are rigid in the plane. This was recently improved by Jackson and Jordan (2009) who showed that 6-mixed connectivity is also sufficient for rigidity. Here we give…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-30 Viktoria E. Kaszanitzky , Bernd Schulze

We establish a sharp edge-connectivity estimate for graphs with non-negative Bakry-\'Emery curvature. This leads to a geometric criterion for the existence of a perfect matching. Precisely, we show that any regular graph with non-negative…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-25 Kaizhe Chen , Jack H. Koolen , Shiping Liu

Laplacian operators on finite compact metric graphs are considered under the assumption that matching conditions at graph vertices are of $\delta$ and $\delta'$ types. An infinite series of trace formulae is obtained which link together two…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-06 Yulia Ershova , Irina I. Karpenko , Alexander V. Kiselev

We show that for every l, there exists d_l such that every 3-edge-connected graph with minimum degree d_l can be edge-partitioned into paths of length l (provided that its number of edges is divisible by l). This improves a result asserting…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-29 Tereza Klimošová , Stéphan Thomassé

For a graph $G=(V,E)$ and a set $S\subseteq V(G)$ of size at least $2$, a path in $G$ is said to be an $S$-path if it connects all vertices of $S$. Two $S$-paths $P_1$ and $P_2$ are said to be internally disjoint if $E(P_1)\cap…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-11 Shasha Li , Yan Zhao