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While the manifold hypothesis is widely adopted in modern machine learning, complex data is often better modeled as stratified spaces -- unions of manifolds (strata) of varying dimensions. Stratified learning is challenging due to varying…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-14 Randy Martinez , Rong Tang , Lizhen Lin

In this paper, we consider the partially linear single-index models with longitudinal data. To deal with the variable selection problem in this context, we propose a penalized procedure combined with two bias correction methods, resulting…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-02-10 Gaorong Li , Peng Lai , Heng Lian

Multiple regression has been the go-to method for data analysis for generations of scholars due to its transparency, interpretability, and desirable theoretical properties. However, the method's simplicity precludes the discovery of complex…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-02 Marc Ratkovic , Dustin Tingley

In this paper, we suggest an estimator using two auxiliary variables in stratified random sampling. The propose estimator has an improvement over mean per unit estimator as well as some other considered estimators. Expressions for bias and…

Applications · Statistics 2014-04-01 Rajesh Singh , Sachin Malik

It has been known for a long time that stratification is one possible strategy to obtain higher convergence rates for the Monte Carlo estimation of integrals over the hyper-cube $[0, 1]^s$ of dimension $s$. However, stratified estimators…

Computation · Statistics 2025-01-10 Nicolas Chopin , Hejin Wang , Mathieu Gerber

This is a chapter of the forthcoming Handbook of Multiple Testing. We consider a variety of model selection strategies in a high-dimensional setting, where the number of potential predictors p is large compared to the number of available…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-25 Malgorzata Bogdan , Florian Frommlet

Estimating local false discovery rates (fdr) is central to large-scale multiple hypothesis testing, yet different methods often produce divergent results, and there is little guidance for selecting among them. Because ground truth…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Jenna M. Landy , Giovanni Parmigiani

We compare estimators of the (essential) supremum and the integral of a function $f$ defined on a measurable space when $f$ may be observed at a sample of points in its domain, possibly with error. The estimators compared vary in their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-04 Larry Goldstein , Yosef Rinott , Marco Scarsini

In this article, we propose a factor-adjusted multiple testing (FAT) procedure based on factor-adjusted p-values in a linear factor model involving some observable and unobservable factors, for the purpose of selecting skilled funds in…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-03-04 Wei Lan , Lilun Du

We consider the problem of propagating the uncertainty from a possibly large number of random inputs through a computationally expensive model. Stratified sampling is a well-known variance reduction strategy, but its application, thus far,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-06 Gianluca Geraci , Daniele E. Schiavazzi , Andrea Zanoni

An inductive probabilistic classification rule must generally obey the principles of Bayesian predictive inference, such that all observed and unobserved stochastic quantities are jointly modeled and the parameter uncertainty is fully…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-03-25 Henrik Nyman , Jie Xiong , Johan Pensar , Jukka Corander

Automated decision-making under uncertainty requires balancing exploitation and exploration. Classical methods treat these separately using heuristics, while Active Inference unifies them through Expected Free Energy (EFE) minimization.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wouter W. L. Nuijten , Mykola Lukashchuk

Many methods have been developed to estimate the set of relevant variables in a sparse linear model Y= XB+e where the dimension p of B can be much higher than the length n of Y. Here we propose two new methods based on multiple hypotheses…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Florian Rohart

We investigate the use of a stratified sampling approach for LIME Image, a popular model-agnostic explainable AI method for computer vision tasks, in order to reduce the artifacts generated by typical Monte Carlo sampling. Such artifacts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Muhammad Rashid , Elvio G. Amparore , Enrico Ferrari , Damiano Verda

We design and implement a novel algorithm for computing a multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) estimator of the cumulative distribution function of a quantity of interest in problems with random input parameters or initial conditions. Our approach…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-26 Søren Taverniers , Daniel M. Tartakovsky

Nowadays, massive datasets are typically dispersed across multiple locations, encountering dual challenges of high dimensionality and huge sample size. Therefore, it is necessary to explore sufficient dimension reduction (SDR) methods for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-16 Hongying Li , Minyi Zhu , Yaqi Cao , Xinyi Xu

The deployment of machine learning classifiers in high-stakes domains requires well-calibrated confidence scores for model predictions. In this paper we introduce the notion of variable-based calibration to characterize calibration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Markelle Kelly , Padhraic Smyth

In this paper, we aim to compute numerical approximation integral by using an adaptive Monte Carlo algorithm. We propose a stratified sampling algorithm based on an iterative method which splits the strata following some quantities called…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-07-22 Toni Sayah

Dynamic feature selection, where we sequentially query features to make accurate predictions with a minimal budget, is a promising paradigm to reduce feature acquisition costs and provide transparency into a model's predictions. The problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Soham Gadgil , Ian Covert , Su-In Lee

Model selection often aims to choose a single model, assuming that the form of the model is correct. However, there may be multiple possible underlying explanatory patterns in a set of predictors that could explain a response. Model…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-17 Laura J. Wendelberger , Brian J. Reich , Alyson G. Wilson