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We discuss the current minimisation strategies adopted by research projects involving the determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) through the training of neural networks. We present a short…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-29 Stefano Carrazza , Nathan P. Hartland

We construct a set of parton distribution functions (PDFs) in which fixed-order NLO and NNLO calculations are supplemented with soft-gluon (threshold) resummation up to NLL and NNLL accuracy respectively, suitable for use in conjunction…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-10-13 Marco Bonvini , Simone Marzani , Juan Rojo , Luca Rottoli , Maria Ubiali , Richard D. Ball , Valerio Bertone , Stefano Carrazza , Nathan P. Hartland

Searches for new physics will increasingly depend on identifying deviations from precision Standard Model (SM) predictions. Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) will necessarily play a central role in this endeavor as it provides the framework for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-20 Aleksander Kusina , Florian Lyonnet , Fredrick I. Olness , Ingo Schienbein

Study of parton distribution functions (PDFs) has led to a finer cognisance of the structure of partons in hadrons and the proton structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). PDFs are instrumental in predicting results for most…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-02 Akbari Jahan , Diptimonta Neog

The parton distributions in the proton are evaluated dynamically using a nonlinear QCD evolution equation - the DGLAP equation with twist-4 (the GLR-MQ-ZSR) corrections - starting from a low scale $\mu^2$, where the nucleon consists of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-09-11 Xurong Chen , Jianhong Ruan , Rong Wang , Pengming Zhang , Wei Zhu

The interest into parton distribution functions (PDFs) and fragmentation functions (FFs) in current high energy physics research is twofold. On the one hand, they are fundamental objects to conduct precision phenomenology studies, e.g. at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-22 Tanishq Sharma

I review the basics of the collinear factorization theorem applied primarily to deep inelastic scattering (DIS) involving forward parton distributions (PDFs) and the extensions of this theorem for exclusive processes probing non-forward…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-20 Lech Szymanowski

The level of precision achieved by the experimental measurements at the LHC requires the inclusion of higher order electroweak effects to the processes of $ pp $ scattering. In particular the photon-induced process $ \gamma\gamma \to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-01-07 Renat Sadykov

The choice of data that enters a global QCD analysis can have a substantial impact on the resulting parton distributions and their predictions for collider observables. One of the main reasons for this has to do with the possible presence…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-09-11 Juan Rojo

We analytically solved the QED $\otimes$ QCD coupled DGLAP evolution equations at leading order (LO) quantum electrodynamics (QED) and next to leading order (NLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD) approximations, using the Laplace transform…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-07-07 Marzieh Mottaghizadeh , Parvin Eslami , Fatemeh Taghavi-Shahri

Weather forecasting is fundamentally challenged by the chaotic nature of the atmosphere, necessitating probabilistic approaches to quantify uncertainty. While traditional ensemble prediction (EPS) addresses this through computationally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Xinlei Xiong , Wenbo Hu , Shuxun Zhou , Kaifeng Bi , Lingxi Xie , Ying Liu , Richang Hong , Qi Tian

A combination of the inclusive diffractive cross section measurements made by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA is presented. The analysis uses samples of diffractive deep inelastic ep scattering data at a centre-of-mass energy sqrt(s)…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-06-05 H1 Collaboration , ZEUS Collaboration

We present the MSHT20qed set of parton distribution functions (PDFs). These are obtained from the MSHT20 global analysis via a refit including QED corrections to the DGLAP evolution at ${\cal O}(\alpha),{\cal O}(\alpha\alpha_S)$ and ${\cal…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-02-16 T. Cridge , L. A. Harland-Lang , A. D. Martin , R. S. Thorne

We summarize several projects carried out by the CTEQ global analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton during 2010. We discuss a recently released CT10 family of PDFs with a fixed and variable QCD coupling strength;…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-01-04 Marco Guzzi , Pavel Nadolsky , Edmond Berger , Hung-Liang Lai , Fredrick Olness , C. -P. Yuan

Accurately predicting protein-ligand binding free energies (BFEs) remains a central challenge in drug discovery, particularly because the most reliable methods, such as free energy perturbation (FEP), are computationally intensive and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Farzad Molani , Art E. Cho

Recent results from the ep (electron-proton) collider HERA are presented. Jet production and diffraction type reactions allow tests of predictions of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Jet measurements are used to improve the combined H1-ZEUS…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2011-07-12 Igor Rubinskiy

Global perturbative QCD analyses, based on large data sets from e-p and hadron collider experiments, provide tight constraints on the parton distribution function (PDF) in the proton. The extension of these analyses to nuclear parton…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-04-07 Paloma Quiroga-Arias , José Guilherme Milhano , Urs Achim Wiedemann

Collinear and transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities are obtained from fits to precision measurements of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) cross sections at HERA. The parton densities are evolved by DGLAP evolution with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-04-17 A. Bermudez Martinez , P. Connor , F. Hautmann , H. Jung , A. Lelek , V. Radescu , R. Zlebcik

Lattice QCD offers the possibility of computing parton distributions from first principles, although not in the usual $\overline{MS}$ factorization scheme. We study in this paper the evolution of non-singlet parton distribution functions…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-11-01 H. Dutrieux , J. Karpie , C. Monahan , K. Orginos , S. Zafeiropoulos

We propose Bayesian Conformal Prediction (BCP), a framework that combines Bayesian posterior predictive distributions with PAC-style conformal risk control to produce prediction sets with finite-sample coverage guarantees. Standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fanyi Wu , Veronika Lohmanova , Samuel Kaski , Michele Caprio
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