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Modern corporations physically separate their sensitive computational infrastructure from public or other accessible networks in order to prevent cyber-attacks. However, attackers still manage to infect these networks, either by means of an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Yisroel Mirsky , Mordechai Guri , Yuval Elovici

Air-gapped computers are systems that are kept isolated from the Internet since they store or process sensitive information. In this paper, we introduce an optical covert channel in which an attacker can leak (or, exfiltlrate) sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Mordechai Guri , Dima Bykhovsky , Yuval Elovici

Modern optical mouse sensors, with their advanced precision and high responsiveness, possess an often overlooked vulnerability: they can be exploited for side-channel attacks. This paper introduces Mic-E-Mouse, the first-ever side-channel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohamad Fakih , Rahul Dharmaji , Youssef Mahmoud , Halima Bouzidi , Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque

In this paper we show how attackers can covertly leak data (e.g., encryption keys, passwords and files) from highly secure or air-gapped networks via the row of status LEDs that exists in networking equipment such as LAN switches and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Mordechai Guri , Boris Zadov , Andrey Daidakulov , Yuval Elovici

Although organizations are continuously making concerted efforts to harden their systems against network attacks by air-gapping critical systems, attackers continuously adapt and uncover covert channels to exfiltrate data from air-gapped…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Matthew Chan , Nathaniel Snyder , Marcus Lucas , Luis Garcia , Oleg Sokolsky , James Weimer , Insup Lee , Paulo Tabuada , Saman Zonouz , Mani Srivastava

It is possible to manipulate the headphones (or earphones) connected to a computer, silently turning them into a pair of eavesdropping microphones - with software alone. The same is also true for some types of loudspeakers. This paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Mordechai Guri , Yosef Solewicz , Andrey Daidakulov , Yuval Elovici

In this paper we present a method which allows attackers to covertly leak data from isolated, air-gapped computers. Our method utilizes the hard disk drive (HDD) activity LED which exists in most of today's desktop PCs, laptops and servers.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-23 Mordechai Guri , Boris Zadov , Eran Atias , Yuval Elovici

Unlike conventional anti-eavesdropping methods that always require additional energy or computing resources (e.g., in friendly jamming and cryptography-based solutions), this work proposes a novel anti-eavesdropping solution that comes with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Nguyen Van Huynh , Nguyen Quang Hieu , Nam H. Chu , Diep N. Nguyen , Dinh Thai Hoang , Eryk Dutkiewicz

Infrared (IR) light is invisible to humans, but cameras are optically sensitive to this type of light. In this paper, we show how attackers can use surveillance cameras and infrared light to establish bi-directional covert communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Mordechai Guri , Dima Bykhovsky , Yuval Elovici

Air-gapped systems are considered highly secure against data leaks due to their physical isolation from external networks. Despite this protection, ultrasonic communication has been demonstrated as an effective method for exfiltrating data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mordechai Guri

Attacks based on power analysis have been long existing and studied, with some recent works focused on data exfiltration from victim systems without using conventional communications (e.g., WiFi). Nonetheless, prior works typically rely on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Zhihui Shao , Mohammad A. Islam , Shaolei Ren

Using the keyboard LEDs to send data optically was proposed in 2002 by Loughry and Umphress [1] (Appendix A). In this paper we extensively explore this threat in the context of a modern cyber-attack with current hardware and optical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-15 Mordechai Guri , Boris Zadov , Dima Bykhovsky , Yuval Elovici

Highly secure devices are often isolated from the Internet or other public networks due to the confidential information they process. This level of isolation is referred to as an 'air-gap .' In this paper, we present a new technique named…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Mordechai Guri

This paper introduces a new type of attack on isolated, air-gapped workstations. Although air-gap computers have no wireless connectivity, we show that attackers can use the SATA cable as a wireless antenna to transfer radio signals at the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Mordechai Guri

Smartphone motion sensors provide a concealed mechanism for eavesdropping on acoustic information, like touchtones, emitted by a device. Eavesdropping on touchtones exposes credit card information, banking pins, and social security card…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Connor Bolton , Yan Long , Jun Han , Josiah Hester , Kevin Fu

Indoor airborne transmission poses a significant health risk, yet current monitoring solutions are invasive, costly, or fail to address it directly. My research explores the untapped potential of ambient audio sensing to estimate key…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Bhawana Chhaglani

Most modern smartphones are equipped with a barometer to sample air pressure. Accessing these samples is deemed harmless, hence does not require any permission. In this work, we show, however, that these samples can reveal sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Alireza Hafez , Dorsa Nahid , Majid Khabbazian

Speech recognition systems driven by DNNs have revolutionized human-computer interaction through voice interfaces, which significantly facilitate our daily lives. However, the growing popularity of these systems also raises special concerns…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jiahe Lan , Jie Wang , Baochen Yan , Zheng Yan , Elisa Bertino

The proliferation of smart, connected, always listening devices have introduced significant privacy risks to users in a smart home environment. Beyond the notable risk of eavesdropping, intruders can adopt machine learning techniques to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Olakunle Ibitoye , Ashraf Matrawy , M. Omair Shafiq

Acoustic Side-Channel Attacks (ASCAs) extract sensitive information by using audio emitted from a computing devices and their peripherals. Attacks targeting keyboards are popular and have been explored in the literature. However, similar…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Mauro Conti , Marin Duroyon , Gabriele Orazi , Gene Tsudik