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Suppose that $X_1, \ldots , X_n$ are continuous semimartingales that are reversible and have nondegenerate crossings. Then the corresponding rank processes can be represented by generalized Stratonovich integrals, and this representation…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-05-02 Robert Fernholz

We present an algorithm for the decomposition of periodic financial return data into orthogonal factors of expected return and "systemic", "productive", and "nonproductive" risk. Generally, when the number of funds does not exceed the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2014-11-19 Vic Norton

Stochastic portfolio theory aims at finding relative arbitrages, i.e. trading strategies which outperform the market with probability one. Functionally generated portfolios, which are deterministic functions of the market weights, are an…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-01-19 Patrick Mijatovic

We introduce a novel neural-network-based approach to learning the generating function $G(\cdot)$ of a functionally generated portfolio (FGP) from synthetic or real market data. In the neural network setting, the generating function is…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-25 Michael Monoyios , Olivia Pricilia

Functional portfolio generation, initiated by E.R. Fernholz almost twenty years ago, is a methodology for constructing trading strategies with controlled behavior. It is based on very weak and descriptive assumptions on the covariation…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2016-03-29 Ioannis Karatzas , Johannes Ruf

A market portfolio is a portfolio in which each asset is held at a weight proportional to its market value. Functionally generated portfolios are portfolios for which the logarithmic return relative to the market portfolio can be decomposed…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-12-29 Ricardo T. Fernholz , Robert Fernholz

First introduced by Fernholz in stochastic portfolio theory, functionally generated portfolio allows its investment performance to be attributed to directly observable and easily interpretable market quantities. In previous works we showed…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2017-09-27 Ting-Kam Leonard Wong

This paper investigates the dependence of functional portfolio generation, introduced by Fernholz (1999), on an extra finite variation process. The framework of Karatzas and Ruf (2017) is used to formulate conditions on trading strategies…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-01-25 Johannes Ruf , Kangjianan Xie

This paper presents a synthesis of the theories of portfolio generating functions and option pricing. The theory of portfolio generation is extended to measure the value of portfolios generated by positive C^{2,1} functions of asset prices…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-05-20 Ricardo T. Fernholz , Robert Fernholz

This paper investigates the so-called leakage effect of trading strategies generated functionally from rank-dependent portfolio generating functions. This effect measures the loss in wealth of trading strategies due to renewing the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2019-12-10 Kangjianan Xie

Diversification return is an incremental return earned by a rebalanced portfolio of assets. The diversification return of a rebalanced portfolio is often incorrectly ascribed to a reduction in variance. We argue that the underlying source…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2011-09-07 Scott Willenbrock

The theory of functionally generated portfolios (FGPs) is an aspect of the continuous-time, continuous-path Stochastic Portfolio Theory of Robert Fernholz. FGPs have been formulated to yield a master equation - a description of their return…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2013-10-29 Winslow Strong

This paper tends to define the quantitative relationship between the stock price and time as a time function. Based on the empirical evidence that the log-return of a stock is the series of white noise, a mathematical model of the integral…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-02-22 Shengfeng Mei , Hong Gao

Almost twenty years ago, E.R. Fernholz introduced portfolio generating functions which can be used to construct a variety of portfolios, solely in the terms of the individual companies' market weights. I. Karatzas and J. Ruf recently…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-06 Ioannis Karatzas , Donghan Kim

Assuming frictionless trading, classical stochastic portfolio theory (SPT) provides relative arbitrage strategies. However, the costs associated with real-world execution are state-dependent, volatile, and under increasing stress during…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-07-15 Nader Karimi , Erfan Salavati

We explore a decomposition in which returns on a large class of portfolios relative to the market depend on a smooth non-negative drift and changes in the asset price distribution. This decomposition is obtained using general continuous…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-10-31 Ricardo T. Fernholz , Caleb Stroup

This paper derives a portfolio decomposition formula when the agent maximizes utility of her wealth at some finite planning horizon. The financial market is complete and consists of multiple risky assets (stocks) plus a risk free asset. The…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-02 Traian A Pirvu , Ulrich G Haussmann

We demonstrate the application of an algorithmic trading strategy based upon the recently developed dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) on portfolios of financial data. The method is capable of characterizing complex dynamical systems, in this…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-20 Jordan Mann , J. Nathan Kutz

In statistical physics, entropy is generally logarithm of probability. Therefore, if dynamics is decomposed by log, entropy production should be decomposed properly. In the present work, log-decomposition of dynamics is introduced. By which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-30 Jang-il Sohn

This paper investigates optimal portfolio strategies in a financial market where the drift of the stock returns is driven by an unobserved Gaussian mean reverting process. Information on this process is obtained from observing stock returns…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2016-03-15 Abdelali Gabih , Hakam Kondakji , Jörn Sass , Ralf Wunderlich
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