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Multivariate binary data is becoming abundant in current biological research. Logistic principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the commonly used tools to explore the relationships inside a multivariate binary data set by exploiting the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-15 Yipeng Song , Johan A. Westerhuis , Age K. Smilde

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most popular tool in multivariate exploratory data analysis. In this paper, we consider the question of how to handle heterogeneous variables that include continuous, binary, and ordinal.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-24 Clifford Anderson-Bergman , Tamara G. Kolda , Kina Kincher-Winoto

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most important methods to handle high dimensional data. However, most of the studies on PCA aim to minimize the loss after projection, which usually measures the Euclidean distance, though in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Kai Liu , Qiuwei Li , Hua Wang , Gongguo Tang

Sequential or online dimensional reduction is of interests due to the explosion of streaming data based applications and the requirement of adaptive statistical modeling, in many emerging fields, such as the modeling of energy end-use…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-17 Zhaoyi Kang , Costas J. Spanos

Learning augmented is a machine learning concept built to improve the performance of a method or model, such as enhancing its ability to predict and generalize data or features, or testing the reliability of the method by introducing noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Issam K. O Jabari , Shofiyah , Pradiptya Kahvi S , Novi Nur Putriwijaya , Novanto Yudistira

We propose a new method for supervised learning, especially suited to wide data where the number of features is much greater than the number of observations. The method combines the lasso ($\ell_1$) sparsity penalty with a quadratic penalty…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-25 J. Kenneth Tay , Jerome Friedman , Robert Tibshirani

In high-dimensional prediction problems, where the number of features may greatly exceed the number of training instances, fully Bayesian approach with a sparsifying prior is known to produce good results but is computationally challenging.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-15 Juho Piironen , Aki Vehtari

We provide a probabilistic and infinitesimal view of how the principal component analysis procedure (PCA) can be generalized to analysis of nonlinear manifold valued data. Starting with the probabilistic PCA interpretation of the Euclidean…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-26 Stefan Sommer

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most widely used tool for linear dimensionality reduction and clustering. Still it is highly sensitive to outliers and does not scale well with respect to the number of data samples. Robust PCA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-24 Nauman Shahid , Vassilis Kalofolias , Xavier Bresson , Michael Bronstein , Pierre Vandergheynst

This is a tutorial and survey paper on factor analysis, probabilistic Principal Component Analysis (PCA), variational inference, and Variational Autoencoder (VAE). These methods, which are tightly related, are dimensionality reduction and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-25 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Many statistical estimation techniques for high-dimensional or functional data are based on a preliminary dimension reduction step, which consists in projecting the sample $\bX_1, \hdots, \bX_n$ onto the first $D$ eigenvectors of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Gérard Biau , André Mas

Principal component analysis (PCA) is an important tool in exploring data. The conventional approach to PCA leads to a solution which favours the structures with large variances. This is sensitive to outliers and could obfuscate interesting…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-16 A. A. Akinduko , A. N. Gorban

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most widely used approach for large-dimensional factor analysis. While it is effective when the factors are sufficiently strong, it can be inconsistent when the factors are weak and/or the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-22 Zhongyuan Lyu , Ming Yuan

The real-time crash likelihood prediction has been an important research topic. Various classifiers, such as support vector machine (SVM) and tree-based boosting algorithms, have been proposed in traffic safety studies. However, few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-13 Jintao Ke , Shuaichao Zhang , Hai Yang , Xiqun Chen

Principal component analysis (PCA) defines a reduced space described by PC axes for a given multidimensional-data sequence to capture the variations of the data. In practice, we need multiple data sequences that accurately obey individual…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-04-19 Ikuo Fukuda , Kei Moritsugu

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a ubiquitous tool with many applications in machine learning including feature construction, subspace embedding, and outlier detection. In this paper, we present an algorithm for computing the top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-10-25 Nikos Karampatziakis , Paul Mineiro

This paper presents a novel approach to functional principal component analysis (FPCA) in Bayes spaces in the setting where densities are the object of analysis, but only few individual samples from each density are observed. We use the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-21 Lisa Steyer , Sonja Greven

The probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) is built upon a global linear mapping, with which it is insufficient to model complex data variation. This paper proposes a mixture of bilateral-projection probabilistic principal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Fujiao Ju , Yanfeng Sun , Junbin Gao , Simeng Liu , Yongli Hu

This paper is concerned with the computation of the principal components for a general tensor, known as the tensor principal component analysis (PCA) problem. We show that the general tensor PCA problem is reducible to its special case…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-11-19 Bo Jiang , Shiqian Ma , Shuzhong Zhang

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a commonly used tool for dimension reduction and denoising. Therefore, it is also widely used on the data prior to training a neural network. However, this approach can complicate the explanation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nhan Phan , Thu Nguyen , Uyen Dang , Pål Halvorsen , Michael A. Riegler