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We introduce a testing-by-betting framework that leverages predictions on unlabeled data to enhance the power of sequential hypothesis testing. Given limited samples from the joint distribution of $(X,Y)$, and additional unlabeled samples…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yaniv Tenzer , Elad Tolochinsky , Yaniv Romano

We propose a general approach for supervised learning with structured output spaces, such as combinatorial and polyhedral sets, that is based on minimizing estimated conditional risk functions. Given a loss function defined over pairs of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-28 Chong Yang Goh , Patrick Jaillet

We consider the estimation problem in high-dimensional semi-supervised learning. Our goal is to investigate when and how the unlabeled data can be exploited to improve the estimation of the regression parameters of linear model in light of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-21 Siyi Deng , Yang Ning , Jiwei Zhao , Heping Zhang

We study the problem of testing, using only a single sample, between mean field distributions (like Curie-Weiss, Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi) and structured Gibbs distributions (like Ising model on sparse graphs and Exponential Random Graphs). Our…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Guy Bresler , Dheeraj Nagaraj

Overconfidence is a common issue for deep neural networks, limiting their deployment in real-world applications. To better estimate confidence, existing methods mostly focus on fully-supervised scenarios and rely on training labels. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Chen Li , Xiaoling Hu , Chao Chen

Existing similarity-based weakly supervised learning approaches often rely on precise similarity annotations between data pairs, which may inadvertently expose sensitive label information and raise privacy risks. To mitigate this issue, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Meng Wei , Zhongnian Li , Peng Ying , Xinzheng Xu

Ordinal regression is aimed at predicting an ordinal class label. In this paper, we consider its semi-supervised formulation, in which we have unlabeled data along with ordinal-labeled data to train an ordinal regressor. There are several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Taira Tsuchiya , Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

We propose a method for learning Markov network structures for continuous data without invoking any assumptions about the distribution of the variables. The method makes use of previous work on a non-parametric estimator for mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Janne Leppä-aho , Santeri Räisänen , Xiao Yang , Teemu Roos

We study the task of learning from non-i.i.d. data. In particular, we aim at learning predictors that minimize the conditional risk for a stochastic process, i.e. the expected loss of the predictor on the next point conditioned on the set…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-15 Alexander Zimin , Christoph H. Lampert

Supervised learning needs a huge amount of labeled data, which can be a big bottleneck under the situation where there is a privacy concern or labeling cost is high. To overcome this problem, we propose a new weakly-supervised learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Han Bao , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

We propose a novel unsupervised framework for \emph{Invariant Risk Minimization} (IRM), extending the concept of invariance to settings where labels are unavailable. Traditional IRM methods rely on labeled data to learn representations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yotam Norman , Ron Meir

Identifying relationships among stochastic processes is a core objective in many fields, such as economics. While the standard toolkit for multivariate time series analysis has many advantages, it can be difficult to capture nonlinear…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-06 Michael Wieck-Sosa , Michel F. C. Haddad , Aaditya Ramdas

We consider statistical inference under a semi-supervised setting where we have access to both a labeled dataset consisting of pairs $\{X_i, Y_i \}_{i=1}^n$ and an unlabeled dataset $\{ X_i \}_{i=n+1}^{n+N}$. We ask the question: under what…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-20 Zichun Xu , Daniela Witten , Ali Shojaie

The recently proposed unlabeled-unlabeled (UU) classification method allows us to train a binary classifier only from two unlabeled datasets with different class priors. Since this method is based on the empirical risk minimization, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Nan Lu , Tianyi Zhang , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Pairwise similarities and dissimilarities between data points might be easier to obtain than fully labeled data in real-world classification problems, e.g., in privacy-aware situations. To handle such pairwise information, an empirical risk…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Takuya Shimada , Han Bao , Issei Sato , Masashi Sugiyama

Unsupervised domain adaptation studies how to transfer a learner from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain with different distributions. Existing methods mainly focus on matching the marginal distributions of the source and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Yi-Ming Zhai , You-Wei Luo

In a standard classification framework a set of trustworthy learning data are employed to build a decision rule, with the final aim of classifying unlabelled units belonging to the test set. Therefore, unreliable labelled observations,…

Applications · Statistics 2019-11-20 Andrea Cappozzo , Francesca Greselin , Thomas Brendan Murphy

A method for estimating nonlinear regression errors and their distributions without performing regression is presented. Assuming continuity of the modeling function the variance is given in terms of conditional probabilities extracted from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-15 Hong Pi , Carsten Peterson

We consider the problem of training speech recognition systems without using any labeled data, under the assumption that the learner can only access to the input utterances and a phoneme language model estimated from a non-overlapping…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-27 Chih-Kuan Yeh , Jianshu Chen , Chengzhu Yu , Dong Yu

In many prediction problems, we have extra information during training (for example, measurements that are expensive or slow to collect) that will not be available when the model is deployed. A common strategy is to first train a model that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Jiahao Shi , Omar Hagrass , Jason M. Klusowski