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Related papers: Impossibility in Belief Merging

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This paper develops a comprehensive framework for artificial intelligence systems that operate under strict epistemic constraints, moving beyond stochastic language prediction to support structured reasoning, propositional commitment, and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Craig Steven Wright

Reasoning under uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in Artificial Intelligence. As with most of these challenges, there is a harsh dilemma between the expressive power of the language used, and the tractability of the computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Luise Ge , Brendan Juba , Kris Nilsson

We present a model for studying communities of epistemically interacting agents who update their belief states by averaging (in a specified way) the belief states of other agents in the community. The agents in our model have a rich belief…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-05-15 Sylvia Wenmackers , Danny E. P. Vanpoucke , Igor Douven

When aggregating Subjective Expected Utility preferences, the Pareto principle leads to an impossibility result unless the individuals have a common belief. This paper examines the source of this impossibility in more detail by considering…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-24 Kensei Nakamura

In this paper we analyse some of the classical paradoxes in Social Choice Theory (namely, the Condorcet paradox, the discursive dilemma, the Ostrogorski paradox and the multiple election paradox) using a general framework for the study of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2014-06-12 Umberto Grandi

We recently described a formalism for reasoning with if-then rules that re expressed with different levels of firmness [18]. The formalism interprets these rules as extreme conditional probability statements, specifying orders of magnitude…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Moises Goldszmidt , Judea Pearl

This paper relates comparative belief structures and a general view of belief management in the setting of deductively closed logical representations of accepted beliefs. We show that the range of compatibility between the classical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Didier Dubois , Helene Fargier , Henri Prade

We present a semantics for adding uncertainty to conditional logics for default reasoning and belief revision. We are able to treat conditional sentences as statements of conditional probability, and express rules for revision such as "If A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Craig Boutilier

As large language models (LLMs) continue to demonstrate remarkable abilities across various domains, computer scientists are developing methods to understand their cognitive processes, particularly concerning how (and if) LLMs internally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Daniel A. Herrmann , Benjamin A. Levinstein

Epistemic reasoning requires agents to infer the state of the world from partial observations and information about other agents' knowledge. Prior work evaluating LLMs on canonical epistemic puzzles interpreted their behavior through a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Adi Gabay , Gabriel Stanovsky , Liat Peterfreund

Communication facilitates coordination, but coordination might fail if there's too much uncertainty. I discuss a scenario in which vagueness-driven uncertainty undermines the possibility of publicly sharing a belief. I then show that…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Giorgio Sbardolini

It is well-known that subjective beliefs cannot be identified with traditional choice data unless we impose the strong assumption that preferences are state-independent. This is seen as one of the biggest pitfalls of incentivized belief…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-12-28 Elias Tsakas

A central theme in social choice theory is that of impossibility theorems, such as Arrow's theorem and the Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem, which state that under certain natural constraints, social choice mechanisms are impossible to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-03-16 Dvir Falik , Ehud Friedgut

We introduce a new semantics for justification logic based on subset relations. Instead of using the established and more symbolic interpretation of justifications, we model justifications as sets of possible worlds. We introduce a new…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-08-19 Eveline Lehmann , Thomas Studer

The introduction of explicit notions of rejection, or disbelief, into logics for knowledge representation can be justified in a number of ways. Motivations range from the need for versions of negation weaker than classical negation, to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Samir Chopra , Johannes Heidema , Thomas Meyer

Information fusion is an advanced research area which can assist decision makers in enhancing their decisions. This paper aims at designing a new multi-layer framework that can support the process of performing decisions from the obtained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-24 Tamer M. Abo Neama , Ismail A. Ismail , Tarek S. Sobh , M. Zaki

The study of belief change has been an active area in philosophy and AI. In recent years two special cases of belief change, belief revision and belief update, have been studied in detail. In a companion paper, we introduce a new framework…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Nir Friedman , Joseph Y. Halpern

This paper revisits the multi-agent epistemic logic presented in [10], where agents and sets of agents are replaced by abstract, intensional "names". We make three contributions. First, we study its model theory, providing adequate notions…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Marta Bílková , Zoé Christoff , Olivier Roy

Belief fusion is the principle of combining separate beliefs or bodies of evidence originating from different sources. Depending on the situation to be modelled, different belief fusion methods can be applied. Cumulative and averaging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-12-10 Audun Josang

We provide an epistemic analysis of arbitrary strategic games based on possibility correspondences. We first establish a generic result that links true common beliefs (and, respectively, common knowledge) of players' rationality defined by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-11-07 Krzysztof R. Apt , Jonathan A. Zvesper