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Surface-layer (S-layer) proteins form the outermost envelope in many bacteria and most archaea and arrange in 2D quasi-crystalline structures via self-assembly. We investigated S-layer proteins extracted from the archaeon Pyrobaculum…
Small open reading frames are understudied as they have been historically excluded from genome annotations. However, evidence for the functional significance of small proteins in various cellular processes accumulates. Proteins with less…
Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes, SMCs, proteins have long rod like structures immersed in water. Here we use our hydroanalytic methods based on amino acid sequences to discuss their dynamics at multiple length scales identified by…
The study of core-collapse supernova remnants (SNRs) presents a fascinating puzzle, with intricate morphologies and a non-uniform distribution of stellar debris. Particularly, young remnants (aged less than 5000 years) hold immense value as…
Multidrug resistance (MDR) to conventional antibiotics is one of the most urgent global health threats, necessitating the development of effective and biocompatible antimicrobial agents that are less inclined to provoke resistance.…
Background: Structural Variations, SVs, in a genome can be linked to a disease or characteristic phenotype. The variations come in many types and it is a challenge, not only determining the variations accurately, but also conducting the…
Membrane Proteins (MPs) account for around 15-39% of the human proteome and assume a critical role in a vast set of cellular and physiological mechanisms, including molecular transport, nutrient uptake, toxin and waste product clearance,…
We review the major advances in understanding the morphologies and kinematics of supernova remnants (SNRs). Simulations of SN explosions have improved dramatically over the last few years, and SNRs can be used to test models through…
Proteins play a pivotal role in biological systems. The use of machine learning algorithms for protein classification can assist and even guide biological experiments, offering crucial insights for biotechnological applications. We…
Signal processing (SP) techniques convert DNA and protein sequences into information that lead to successful drug discovery. One must, however, be aware about the difference between information and entropy1. Eight other physical properties…
Pre-mRNA splicing relies on the poorly understood dynamic interplay between >150 protein components of the spliceosome. The steps at which splicing can be regulated remain largely unknown. We systematically analyzed the effect of knocking…
Many important cellular functions are implemented by protein complexes that act as sophisticated molecular machines of varying size and temporal stability. Here we demonstrate quantitatively that protein complexes in the yeast,…
Proteins are biological polymers that underlie all cellular functions. The first high-resolution protein structures were determined by x-ray crystallography in the 1960s. Since then, there has been continued interest in understanding and…
Proteins are essential component of human life and their structures are important for function and mechanism analysis. Recent work has shown the potential of AI-driven methods for protein structure prediction. However, the development of…
Core-collapse supernova remnants (CCSNRs) are crucial for understanding the final stages of massive star evolution, as they reflect the imprints of their progenitors' pre-explosion activities. However, the evolution of CCSNRs, particularly…
Proteins are the major building blocks of life, and actuators of almost all chemical and biophysical events in living organisms. Their native structures in turn enable their biological functions which have a fundamental role in drug design.…
Supernova remnants (SNRs) carry vast amounts of mechanical and radiative energy that heavily influence the structural, dynamical, and chemical evolution of galaxies. To this day, more than 300 SNRs have been discovered in the Milky Way,…
The structure and morphology of supernova remnants (SNRs) reflect the properties of the parent supernovae (SNe) and the characteristics of the inhomogeneous environments through which the remnants expand. Linking the morphology of SNRs to…
Proteins are constructed from a limited alphabet of ~20 amino acids, yet the origins and selection of this specific alphabet are unresolved. One largely overlooked aspect is whether elemental composition constrains the range of viable…
Microproteins are a newly recognized and rapidly growing class of small proteins, typically encoded by fewer than 100 to 150 codons and translated from small open reading frames (smORFs). Although research has shown that smORFs and their…