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Many stars of different spectral types with planets in the habitable zone are known to emit flares. Until now, studies that address the long-term impact of stellar flares and associated Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) assumed that the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Alexander Grayver , Dan J. Bower , Joachim Saur , Caroline Dorn , Brett M. Morris

The composition and internal structure of gas giant exoplanets encode key information about their formation and evolution. We investigate how different assumed interior structures affect the inferred bulk metallicity and its correlation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-11 Lorenzo Peerani , Saburo Howard , Ravit Helled

We used a thermal model of an iron core to calculate magnetodynamo evolution in Earth-mass rocky planets to determine the sensitivity of dynamo lifetime and intensity to planets with different mantle tectonic regimes, surface temperatures,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Joost van Summeren , Eric Gaidos , Clinton P. Conrad

We investigate mantle stripping giant impacts (GI) between super-Earths with masses between 1 M$_{\oplus}$ and 20 M$_{\oplus}$. We infer new scaling laws for the mass of the largest fragment and its iron mass fraction, as well as updated…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 Christian Reinhardt , Thomas Meier , Joachim Stadel , Jon Otegi , Ravit Helled

To ascertain whether magnetic dynamos operate in rocky exoplanets more massive or hotter than the Earth, we developed a parametric model of a differentiated rocky planet and its thermal evolution. Our model reproduces the established…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Eric Gaidos , Clinton P. Conrad , Michael Manga , John Hernlund

We explore volcanic outgassing on purely rocky, stagnant-lid exoplanets of different interior structures, compositions, thermal states, and age. We focus on planets in the mass range of 1-8 ME (Earth masses). We derive scaling laws to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Caroline Dorn , Lena Noack , Antoine Rozel

The masses and radii of exoplanets are fundamental quantities needed for their characterisation. Studying the different populations of exoplanets is important for understanding the demographics of the different planetary types, which can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-05 J. F. Otegi , F. Bouchy , R. Helled

So called scaling relations have the potential to reveal the mass and radius of solar-like oscillating stars, based on oscillation frequencies. In derivation of these relations, it is assumed that the first adiabatic exponent at the surface…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-24 M. Yıldız , Z. Çelik Orhan , C. Kayhan

Observing the dayside thermal emissions of rocky exoplanets provides essential insights into their compositions and the presence of atmospheres. Even though no conclusive evidence has been found for atmospheres on small rocky exoplanets…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-31 Zifan Lin , Tansu Daylan

The improved description of the planets' interior is provided. We examine the modified gravity effects on the Earth-like planets composed of the iron core and silicate mantle. We confirm that the mass-radius relations, as well as density…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-18 Aleksander Kozak , Aneta Wojnar

Recent advances in space and ground-based facilities now enable atmospheric characterization of a selected sample of rocky exoplanets. These atmospheres offer key insights into planetary formation and evolution, but their interpretation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-29 Leonardos Gkouvelis , Francisco J. Pozuelos , Thomas Drant , Mohammad Farhat , Meng Tian , Can Akın

Recently there has been tremendous increase in the number of identified extra-solar planetary systems. Our understanding of their formation is tied to exoplanet internal structure models, which rely upon equations of state of light elements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. D. Knudson , M. P. Desjarlais , R. W. Lemke , T. R. Mattsson , M. French , N. Nettelmann , R. Redmer

Recent discoveries of water-rich, sub-Neptunian to Neptunian-massed exoplanets with short-period orbits present a new parameter space for the study of exoplanetary dynamos. We explore the geometry of the dynamo source region within this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Bob Yunsheng Tian , Sabine Stanley

This review is focused on describing the logic by which we make predictions of exoplanetary compositions and mineralogies, and how these processes could lead to compositional diversity among rocky exoplanets. We use these predictions to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-25 Claire Marie Guimond , Haiyang Wang , Fabian Seidler , Paolo Sossi , Aprajit Mahajan , Oliver Shorttle

We report the results of high-resolution (~0.2 pc) CO(1-0) and CS(2-1) observations of the central regions of three star-forming molecular clouds in the far-outer Galaxy (~16 kpc from the Galactic Center): WB89 85 (Sh 2-127), WB89 380, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 J. Brand , J. G. A. Wouterloot , A. L. Rudolph , E. J. de Geus

The interior structure of an exoplanet is hidden from direct view yet likely plays a crucial role in influencing the habitability of the Earth analogues. Inferences of the interior structure are impeded by a fundamental degeneracy that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-12 Gabrielle Suissa , Jingjing Chen , David Kipping

Using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the physical properties of MgO at conditions extending from the ones encountered in the Earth mantle up to the ones anticipated in giant planet interiors such as Jupiter. We pay…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-06 R. Musella , S. Mazevet , F. Guyot

For a planet to be considered habitable on its surface, it is an important advantage for it to have a magnetic field that protects its atmosphere from stellar winds as well as cosmic rays. Magnetic protection of potentially habitable…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Jose-María Rodríguez-Mozos , Andy Moya

Using XMM-Newton observations, we investigate the scaling and structural properties of the ICM entropy in a sample of 10 nearby (z < 0.2) relaxed galaxy clusters in the temperature range 2-9 keV. We derive the local entropy-temperature…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. W. Pratt , M. Arnaud , E. Pointecouteau