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Non-locality and steering are both non-classical phenomena witnessed in Nature as a result of quantum entanglement. It is now well-established that one can study non-locality independently of the formalism of quantum mechanics, in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-29 Matty J. Hoban , Ana Belén Sainz

Recently much interest has been directed towards designing setups that achieve realistic loss thresholds for decisive tests of local realism, in particular in the optical regime. We analyse the feasibility of such Bell tests based on a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-11 Rafael Chaves , Jonatan Bohr Brask

The idea of self-testing is to render guarantees concerning the inner workings of a device based on the measurement statistics. It is one of the most formidable quantum certification and benchmarking schemes. Recently it was shown by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-20 Harshank Shrotriya , Kishor Bharti , Leong-Chuan Kwek

A classical model is presented for the features of parametric down-conversion and homodyne detection relevant to recent proposed ``loophole-free'' Bell tests. The Bell tests themselves are uncontroversial: there are no obvious loopholes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Caroline H Thompson

Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's…

Imperfect detection efficiency remains one of the major obstacles in achieving loophole-free Bell tests over long distances. At the same time, the challenge of establishing a common reference frame for measurements becomes more pronounced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-21 Paweł Cieśliński , Tamás Vértesi , Mateusz Kowalczyk , Wiesław Laskowski

Within the hierarchy of inseparable quantum correlations, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is distinguished from both entanglement and Bell nonlocality by its asymmetry -- there exist conditions where the steering phenomenon changes from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-27 Sabine Wollmann , Nathan Walk , Adam J. Bennet , Howard M. Wiseman , G. J. Pryde

Bell tests---the experimental demonstration of a Bell inequality violation---are central to understanding the foundations of quantum mechanics, underpin quantum technologies, and are a powerful diagnostic tool for technological developments…

The future of quantum communication relies on quantum networks composed by observers sharing multipartite quantum states. The certification of multipartite entanglement will be crucial to the usefulness of these networks. In many real…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-16 D. Cavalcanti , P. Skrzypczyk , G. H. Aguilar , R. V. Nery , P. H. Souto Ribeiro , S. P. Walborn

Bell nonlocality is an intrinsic feature of quantum mechanics, which can be certified via the violation of Bell inequalities. It is therefore a fundamental question to certify Bell nonlocality from experimental data. Here, we present an…

Detectors in the laboratory are often unlike their ideal theoretical cousins. They have non-ideal efficiencies, which may then lead to non-trivial implications. We show how it is possible to predict correct answers about whether a shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Kornikar Sen , Sreetama Das , Ujjwal Sen

In this work, we will consider the star network scenario where the central party is trusted while all the edge parties (with a number of $n$) are untrusted. Network steering is defined with an $n$ local hidden state model which can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-18 Guangming Jiang , Xiaohua Wu , Tao Zhou

Measurement-induced entanglement phase transitions in monitored quantum circuits have stimulated activity in a diverse research community. However, the study of measurement-induced dynamics, due to the requirement of exponentially complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Kim Pöyhönen , Ali G. Moghaddam , Moein N. Ivaki , Teemu Ojanen

One of the most often implied benefits of high-dimensional (HD) quantum systems is to lead to stronger forms of correlations, featuring increased robustness to noise. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the $n$-setting linear HD quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-20 Rui Qu , Yunlong Wang , Min An , Feiran Wang , Quan Quan , Hongrong Li , Hong Gao , Fuli Li , Pei Zhang

A Bell inequality is a constraint on a set of correlations whose violation can be used to certify non-locality. They are instrumental for device-independent tasks such as key distribution or randomness expansion. In this work we consider…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-21 Thomas Cope , Roger Colbeck

Quantum entanglement does not necessarily imply Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering. We identify a \emph{boundary mechanism} that closes this gap when an entangled state meets the boundary of the trusted state space in a nondegenerate way. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Yu-Xuan Zhang , Jing-Ling Chen

We define and fully characterize the witnesses based on second moments detecting steering in Gaussian states by means of Gaussian measurements. All such tests, which arise from linear combination of variances or second moments of canonical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-25 Tatiana Mihaescu , Hermann Kampermann , Aurelian Isar , Dagmar Bruß

Bell inequalities have traditionally been used to demonstrate that quantum theory is nonlocal, in the sense that there exist correlations generated from composite quantum states that cannot be explained by means of local hidden variables.…

Quantum steering displays an inherent asymmetric property that differs from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. Besides being of fundamental interest, steering is relevant to many asymmetric quantum information tasks. Here, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Jamal El Qars

The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is an intermediate quantum nonlocality between entanglement and Bell nonlocality, which plays an important role in quantum information processing tasks. In the past few years, the investigations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Huan Yang , Zhi-Yong Ding , Dong Wang , Hao Yuan , Xue-Ke Song , Jie Yang , Chang-Jin Zhang , Liu Ye