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There are several assumptions made in a standard $\chi^2$ analysis of data, including the frequent assumption that the likelihood function is well approximated by a multivariate Gaussian distribution. This article briefly reviews the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-02-09 Andrew W. Steiner

An important challenge with the current generation of noisy, large-scale quantum computers is the question of validation. Does the hardware generate correct answers? If not, what are the errors? This issue is often combined with questions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Alexander S. Dellios , Margaret D. Reid , Peter D. Drummond

The extreme timing stability of radio millisecond pulsars (MSPs) combined with their exotic environment and evolutionary history makes them excellent laboratories to probe matter in extreme condition. Population studies indicate that we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-06 Bhaswati Bhattacharyya , Jayanta Roy

Pulsars, the cosmic lighthouses, are strongly self-gravitating objects with core densities significantly exceeding nuclear density. Since the discovery of the Hulse--Taylor pulsar 50 years ago, binary pulsar studies have delivered numerous…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-15 Huanchen Hu

Theory testing in the physical sciences has been revolutionized in recent decades by Bayesian approaches to probability theory. Here, I will consider Bayesian approaches to theory extensions, that is, theories like inflation which aim to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-07 Luke A. Barnes

The most precise measurements are done at present by timing of radiopulsars in binary systems with two neutron stars. The timing measurements of the Taylor-Hulse pulsar B1913+16 gave the most precise results on testing of general relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan

We propose a hierarchical approach to testing general relativity with multiple gravitational wave detections. Unlike existing strategies, our method does not assume that parameters quantifying deviations from general relativity are either…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-25 Maximiliano Isi , Katerina Chatziioannou , Will M. Farr

Benefitting from the unequaled precision of the pulsar timing technique, binary pulsars are important testbeds of gravity theories, providing some of the tightest bounds on alternative theories of gravity. One class of well-motivated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-13 Junjie Zhao , Paulo C. C. Freire , Michael Kramer , Lijing Shao , Norbert Wex

The PSR J2222-0137 binary system is a unique laboratory for testing gravity theories. To fully exploit its potential for the tests, we aim to improve the measurements of its physical parameters: spin, orbital orientation, and post-Keplerian…

Pulsars in close binary orbit around another neutron star or a massive white dwarf make ideal laboratories for testing the predictions of gravitational radiation and self-gravitational effects. We report new timing measurements of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 N. D. Ramesh Bhat , Matthew Bailes , Joris P. W. Verbiest

In this paper we elaborate on earlier work by the same authors in which a novel Bayesian inference framework for testing the strong-field dynamics of General Relativity using coalescing compact binaries was proposed. Unlike methods that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 T. G. F. Li , W. Del Pozzo , S. Vitale , C. Van Den Broeck , M. Agathos , J. Veitch , K. Grover , T. Sidery , R. Sturani , A. Vecchio

We discuss a multimessenger strategy to detect radio pulses from Galactic binary neutron stars in a very tight orbit with the period shorter than 10 min. On one hand, all-sky surveys by radio instruments are inefficient for detecting faint…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-31 Koutarou Kyutoku , Yuki Nishino , Naoki Seto

Gravitational-wave astronomy provides a promising avenue for the discovery of new physics beyond general relativity as it probes extreme curvature and ultra-relativistic dynamics. However, in the absence of a compelling alternative to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-11 Lachlan Passenger , Shun Yin Cheung , Nir Guttman , Nikhil Kannachel , Paul D. Lasky , Eric Thrane

Binary observations are often repeated to improve data quality, creating technical replicates. Several scoring methods are commonly used to infer the actual individual state and obtain a probability for each state. The common practice of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-24 Manuela Royer-Carenzi , Hadrien Lorenzo , Pierre Pudlo

A new Bayesian software package for the analysis of pulsar timing data is presented in the form of TempoNest which allows for the robust determination of the non-linear pulsar timing solution simultaneously with a range of additional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-04 Lindley Lentati , Paul Alexander , Michael P. Hobson , Farhan Feroz , Rutger van Haasteren , Kejia Lee , Ryan M. Shannon

Gravitational-wave observations provide a unique opportunity to test general relativity (GR) in the strong-field and highly dynamical regime of the theory. Parametrized tests of GR are one well-known approach for quantifying violations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-08 Pankaj Saini , Marc Favata , K. G. Arun

Accurate and precise covariance matrices will be important in enabling planned cosmological surveys to detect new physics. Standard methods imply either the need for many N-body simulations in order to obtain an accurate estimate, or a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-13 Alex Hall , Andy Taylor

In this work some aspects of the detection of certain general relativistic effects in the weak gravitational field of the Earth via laser-ranged data to some existing or proposed geodetic satellites are examined. The focus is on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Lorenzo Iorio

Wide binaries provide promising laboratories for testing general relativity (GR) in the low-acceleration regime. Recent observational studies have found that the difference in the proper motions and/or radial velocities of the components of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-28 Kareem El-Badry

A set of probabilistic predictions is well calibrated if the events that are predicted to occur with probability p do in fact occur about p fraction of the time. Well calibrated predictions are particularly important when machine learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-14 Mahdi Pakdaman Naeini , Gregory F. Cooper , Milos Hauskrecht