Related papers: A flipped 331 model
We propose a viable model based on the $SU(3)_C\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ gauge group, augmented by the $U(1)_{L_g}$ global lepton number symmetry and the $\Delta(27) \times Z_3\times Z_{16}$ discrete group, capable of explaining the…
The pattern of quark and lepton mass matrices is unexplained in the standard model of particle interactions. I propose the novel idea of a progressive gauge U(1) symmetry where it is a reflection of the regressive electroweak symmetry…
We present an $S_3$-invariant extension of the SM which is able to account for the mixing both in the quark and the lepton sector. We focus here on the quark sector and present different realizations of the model, according to how many…
The possibility of adding an SU(2) horizontal symmetry to the 331 model is studied. It is found that simple, anomaly-free fermion assignments can be made which lead to plausible results for fermion masses and mixings. In particular, all…
The observed large mixing angles in the lepton sector may be the first signal for the presence of a non-Abelian family symmetry. However, to obtain the significant differences between the mixing of the neutrino and charged fermion sectors,…
This work is devoted for gauge boson sector of the recently proposed model based on SU(3)_C X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X group with minimal content of leptons and Higgses. The limits on the masses of the bilepton gauge bosons and on the mixing angle…
What symmetry breaking would be required for gauginos from a supersymmetric theory to behave like left-handed quarks of the Standard Model? Starting with a supersymmetric SU(3)xSU(3)xU(1)xU(1) gauge theory, the 18 adjoint-representation…
As an attempt to give an unified description of quark and lepton mass matrices M_f, the following mass matrix form is proposed: the form of the mass matrices are invariant under a cyclic permutation (f_1 \to f_2, f_2 \to f_3, f_3 \to f_1)…
We present an $E_6$ Grand Unified model with a realistic pattern of fermion masses. All standard model fermions are unified in three fundamental 27-plets (i.e. supersymmetry is not invoked), which involve in addition right handed neutrinos…
We propose an economical model to address the mass hierarchies of quarks and charged leptons. The light generations of the left-handed fermions form doublets under an $ \mathrm{SU}(2) $ flavor symmetry, which is gauged. The generational…
We propose a realistic A4 extension of the Standard Model involving a particular quark-lepton mass relation, namely that the ratio of the third family mass to the geometric mean of the first and second family masses are equal for down-type…
The simplest non-abelian gauge extension of the electroweak standard model, the $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_N$, known as 3-3-1 model, has a minimal version which demands the least possible fermionic content to account for the whole…
We define a new class of $Z'$ models with neutral flavor-changing interactions at tree level in the down-quark sector. They are related in an exact way to elements of the quark mixing matrix due to an underlying flavored $U(1)'$ gauge…
The models with the gauge group $SU(3)_c\times SU(3)_L \times U(1)_X$ (331-models) have been advocated to explain why there are three fermion generations in Nature. As such they can provide partial understanding of the flavour sector. The…
It has been recently claimed that the symmetry group S4 yields to the Tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing in a "natural" way from the group theory point of view. Approving of this feature as an indication, we build a supersymmetric model of…
We propose a novel SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L} left-right symmetric model where the standard model fermion and Higgs fields are SU(2)_L doublets or SU(2) singlets while their mirror partners are SU(2)_R doublets or…
The problem of quark-lepton families is discussed in the "bottom-up" phenomenological approach to the extensions of the Standard model. It provides the possibility of the {\it Horizontal unification} of the three known families on the basis…
Mass matrix of quarks is studied in the Supersymmetric $E_6$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT). The fundamental representation $\textbf{27}$ in $E_6$ which corresponds to one generation contains two sets of $\textbf{5}^{*}$'s in SU(5), so that…
We propose a non-supersymmetric SU(5) model in which only the third family of fermions are unified. The model remedies the non-unification of the three Standard Model couplings in non-supersymmetric SU(5). It also provides a mechanism for…
In order to explain the fermions masses and mixing parameters appearing in the lepton sector of the Standard Model, one proposes the extension of its symmetry. A discrete, non-abelian subgroup of $U(3)$ is added to the gauge group…