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We review a testable dark matter (DM) model outside of the standard WIMP paradigm. The model is unique in a sense that the observed ratio $\Omega_{\rm dark} \simeq \Omega_{\rm visible}$ for visible and dark matter densities finds its…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-04-05 Ariel Zhitnitsky

We study a dark matter (DM) model offering a very natural explanation of two (naively unrelated) problems in cosmology: the observed relation $\Omega_{\rm DM}\sim\Omega_{\rm visible}$ and the observed asymmetry between matter and antimatter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-21 Shuailiang Ge , Xunyu Liang , Ariel Zhitnitsky

We review a testable, the axion quark nugget (AQN) model outside of the standard WIMP paradigm. The model was originally invented to explain the observed similarity between the dark and the visible components, $\Omega_{\rm DM}\approx…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-25 Ariel Zhitnitsky

We consider a dark matter (DM) model offering a very natural explanation of the observed relation, $\Omega_{\rm dark} \sim \Omega_{\rm visible}$. This generic consequence of the model is a result of the common origin of both types of matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-09-20 Shuailiang Ge , Xunyu Liang , Ariel Zhitnitsky

We advocate an idea that ``non-baryonic" dark matter in form of nuggets made of standard model quarks and gluons (similar to the old idea of the Witten's strangelets) could play a crucial role in structure formation. The corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-12-22 Ariel Zhitnitsky

Macroscopic dark matter with dominating strong interactions, supposed to be composites, represents an alternative to the most popular WIMP particles. Predicted in various models as strangelets, nuclearites, nuggets, having different…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-01 Ionel Lazanu , Konstantin Zioutas

Axion quark nuggets (AQNs) are hypothetical objects with nuclear density that would have formed during the quark-hadron transition and could make up most of the dark matter today. These objects have a mass greater than a few grams and are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-26 Michael Sekatchev , Xunyu Liang , Fereshteh Majidi , Ben Scully , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky

We discuss a novel mechanism for segregation of baryons and anti-baryons in the quark-gluon plasma phase which can lead to formation of quark and antiquark nuggets in the early universe, irrespective of the order of the quark-hadron phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-08-15 Abhishek Atreya , Anjishnu Sarkar , Ajit M. Srivastava

Strong nuggets with a baryon number of $A\sim 10^{10-30}$ could be able to survive from the cosmic separation of the QCD phases, provided the transition from strange quark matter to strangeon matter is accounted for, thereby evading…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-18 Haoyang Qi , Wen-Li Yuan , Yudong Luo , Chao Chen , Shi Pi , Renxin Xu

"Dark quark nuggets", a lump of dark quark matter, can be produced in the early universe for a wide range of confining gauge theories and serve as a macroscopic dark matter candidate. The two necessary conditions, a nonzero dark baryon…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-26 Yang Bai , Andrew J. Long , Sida Lu

Prepared for Snowmass 2013 e-Proceedings. We review a testable dark matter model outside of the standard WIMP paradigm in which the observed ratio Omega_{dark} ~ 5 Omega_{visible} for visible and dark matter densities finds its natural…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-13 Kyle Lawson , Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

We consider the formation and evolution of Axion Quark Nugget dark matter particles in the early universe. The goal of this work is to estimate the mass distribution of these objects and assess their ability to form and survive to the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-03 Shuailiang Ge , Kyle Lawson , Ariel Zhitnitsky

Dark matter (DM) and the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) are among the most compelling indications of physics beyond the Standard Model. We revisit the inelastic Higgs-portal complex singlet, a minimal framework in which a complex…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-27 Subhojit Roy

Models of asymmetric dark matter (ADM) seek to explain the apparent coincidence between the present-day mass densities of visible and dark matter, $\Omega_{\mathrm{DM}} \simeq 5\Omega_{\mathrm{VM}}$. However, most ADM models only relate the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-02 Alexander C. Ritter , Raymond R. Volkas

Antiquark nuggets are hypothetical compact composite objects conjectured to account for a significant fraction of dark matter in the Universe. In contrast to quark nuggets, these objects consist of antimatter. They may remain undetected if…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-13 V. V. Flambaum , I. B. Samsonov , G. K. Vong

We first suggested a scenario in which a generic, dark chiral gauge group undergoes a first order phase transition in order to generate the observed baryon asymmetry in the universe, provide a viable dark matter candidate and explain the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2012-02-15 Devin G. E. Walker

The axion anti-quark nugget (A$\bar{\mathrm{Q}}$N) model was developed to explain in a natural way the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in Universe. In this hypothesis, a similitude between the dark and the visible components exists.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-10 Ionel Lazanu , Mihaela Parvu

In standard models of baryogenesis and of dark matter, the mechanisms which generate the densities in both sectors are unrelated to each other. In this paper we explore models which generate the baryon asymmetry through the dark matter…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-12-24 Jessie Shelton , Kathryn M. Zurek

We explore a mechanism for producing the baryon asymmetry and dark matter in models with multiple hidden sectors that are Standard-Model-like but with varying Higgs mass parameters. If the field responsible for reheating the Standard Model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-04-08 Hassan Easa , Thomas Gregoire , Daniel Stolarski , Catarina Cosme

Axion quark nuggets (AQNs) are hypothetical objects with a mass greater than a few grams and sub-micrometer size, formed during the quark-hadron transition. Originating from the axion field, they offer a possible resolution of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-22 Fereshteh Majidi , Xunyu Liang , Ludovic Van Waerbeke , Ariel Zhitnitsky , Michael Sekatchev , Julian S. Sommer , Klaus Dolag , Tiago Castro
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