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There is striking volume of World-Wide Web activity on IPv6 today. In early 2015, one large Content Distribution Network handles 50 billion IPv6 requests per day from hundreds of millions of IPv6 client addresses; billions of unique client…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2015-10-02 David Plonka , Arthur Berger

One challenge in understanding the evolution of Internet infrastructure is the lack of systematic mechanisms for monitoring the extent to which allocated IP addresses are actually used. In this paper we try to advance the science of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-11-03 Alberto Dainotti , Karyn Benson , Alistair King , kc claffy , Eduard Glatz , Xenofontas Dimitropoulos , Philipp Richter , Alessandro Finamore , Alex C. Snoeren

The IPv4 address space is small enough to allow exhaustive active measurement, permitting important insight into Internet growth, policy, and evolution. The IPv6 address space, on the other hand, presents the problem that we can no longer…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2017-10-25 Stephen D. Strowes

Active network measurements constitute an impor- tant part in gaining a better understanding of the Internet. Although IPv4-wide scans are now easily possible, random active probing is infeasible in the IPv6 Internet. Therefore, we propose…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Oliver Gasser , Quirin Scheitle , Sebastian Gebhard , Georg Carle

While scans of the IPv4 space are ubiquitous, today little is known about scanning activity in the IPv6 Internet. In this work, we present a longitudinal and detailed empirical study on large-scale IPv6 scanning behavior in the Internet,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Philipp Richter , Oliver Gasser , Arthur Berger

With the large-scale penetration of the internet, for the first time, humanity has become linked by a single, open, communications platform. Harnessing this fact, we report insights arising from a unified internet activity and location…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-01-23 Klaus Ackermann , Simon D Angus , Paul A Raschky

Twelve years have passed since World IPv6 Launch Day, but what is the current state of IPv6 deployment? Prior work has examined IPv6 status as a binary: can a user do any IPv6? As deployment increases, we must consider a more nuanced,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Sulyab Thottungal Valapu , John Heidemann

Internet-wide scans are a common active measurement approach to study the Internet, e.g., studying security properties or protocol adoption. They involve probing large address ranges (IPv4 or parts of IPv6) for specific ports or protocols.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Jan Rüth , Torsten Zimmermann , Oliver Hohlfeld

Existing methods for active topology discovery within the IPv6 Internet largely mirror those of IPv4. In light of the large and sparsely populated address space, in conjunction with aggressive ICMPv6 rate limiting by routers, this work…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Robert Beverly , Ramakrishnan Durairajan , David Plonka , Justin P. Rohrer

Internet service discovery is an emerging topic to study the deployment of protocols. Towards this end, our community periodically scans the entire advertised IPv4 address space. In this paper, we question this principle. Being good…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-09-15 Johannes Klick , Stephan Lau , Matthias Wählisch , Volker Roth

Network measurements are an important tool in understanding the Internet. Due to the expanse of the IPv6 address space, exhaustive scans as in IPv4 are not possible for IPv6. In recent years, several studies have proposed the use of target…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Oliver Gasser , Quirin Scheitle , Pawel Foremski , Qasim Lone , Maciej Korczynski , Stephen D. Strowes , Luuk Hendriks , Georg Carle

The World Wide Web is the most wide known information source that is easily available and searchable. It consists of billions of interconnected documents Web pages are authored by millions of people. Accesses made by various users to pages…

Databases · Computer Science 2014-08-26 Priyanka Verma , Nishtha Kesswani

In this paper, we introduce Entropy/IP: a system that discovers Internet address structure based on analyses of a subset of IPv6 addresses known to be active, i.e., training data, gleaned by readily available passive and active means. The…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Pawel Foremski , David Plonka , Arthur Berger

Active Internet measurement studies rely on a list of targets to be scanned. While probing the entire IPv4 address space is feasible for scans of limited complexity, more complex scans do not scale to measuring the full Internet. Thus, a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-02-09 Quirin Scheitle , Jonas Jelten , Oliver Hohlfeld , Luca Ciprian , Georg Carle

IPv6 activity is commonly reported as a fraction of network traffic per day. Within this traffic, however, are daily and weekly characteristics, driven by non-uniform IPv6 deployment across ISPs and regions. This paper discusses some of the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-07-19 Stephen D. Strowes

Internet censorship impacts large segments of the Internet, but so far, prior work has focused almost exclusively on performing measurements using IPv4. As the Internet grows, and more users connect, IPv6 is increasingly supported and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ian Martiny , Hammas Bin Tanveer , Jack Wampler , Rishab Nithyanand , Eric Wustrow

Internet-wide scans are an important tool to evaluate the deployment of services. To enable large-scale application layer scans, a fast, stateless port scan (e.g., using ZMap) is often performed ahead of time to collect responsive targets.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Patrick Sattler , Johannes Zirngibl , Mattijs Jonker , Oliver Gasser , Georg Carle , Ralph Holz

The different level of interest in deploying the new Internet address space across network operators has kept IPv6 tardy in its deployment. However, since the last block of IPv4 addresses has been assigned, Internet communities took the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Juhoon Kim , Nadi Sarrar , Anja Feldmann

Monitoring performance and availability are critical to operating successful content provider networks. Internet measurements provide data needed for traffic engineering, alerting, and network diagnostics. While there are significant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Matt Calder

Captures of IP traffic contain much information on very different kinds of activities like file transfers, users interacting with remote systems, automatic backups, or distributed computations. Identifying such activities is crucial for an…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-07-05 Tiphaine Viard , Matthieu Latapy
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