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In this work, we propose new adaptive step size strategies that improve several stochastic gradient methods. Our first method (StoPS) is based on the classical Polyak step size (Polyak, 1987) and is an extension of the recent development of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Samuel Horváth , Konstantin Mishchenko , Peter Richtárik

We investigate how the final parameters found by stochastic gradient descent are influenced by over-parameterization. We generate families of models by increasing the number of channels in a base network, and then perform a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Daniel S. Park , Jascha Sohl-Dickstein , Quoc V. Le , Samuel L. Smith

We provide a new understanding of the stochastic gradient bandit algorithm by showing that it converges to a globally optimal policy almost surely using \emph{any} constant learning rate. This result demonstrates that the stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Jincheng Mei , Bo Dai , Alekh Agarwal , Sharan Vaswani , Anant Raj , Csaba Szepesvari , Dale Schuurmans

In machine learning applications, it is well known that carefully designed learning rate (step size) schedules can significantly improve the convergence of commonly used first-order optimization algorithms. Therefore how to set step size…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-10-19 Xiaoyu Wang , Mikael Johansson , Tong Zhang

It is widely accepted that the stepsize is of great significance to gradient method. Two efficient gradient methods with approximately optimal stepsizes mainly based on regularization models are proposed for unconstrained optimization. More…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-24 Zexian Liu , Wangli Chu , Hongwei Liu

Stochastic optimization lies at the core of most statistical learning models. The recent great development of stochastic algorithmic tools focused significantly onto proximal gradient iterations, in order to find an efficient approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Andrei Patrascu , Ciprian Paduraru , Paul Irofti

We study the implicit regularization of mini-batch stochastic gradient descent, when applied to the fundamental problem of least squares regression. We leverage a continuous-time stochastic differential equation having the same moments as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-23 Alnur Ali , Edgar Dobriban , Ryan J. Tibshirani

We explore an explicit link between stochastic gradient descent using common batching strategies and splitting methods for ordinary differential equations. From this perspective, we introduce a new minibatching strategy (called Symmetric…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Luke Shaw , Peter A. Whalley

This paper presents a methodology for selecting the mini-batch size that minimizes Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) learning time for single and multiple learner problems. By decoupling algorithmic analysis issues from hardware and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Michael P. Perrone , Haidar Khan , Changhoan Kim , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Jerry Quinn , Valentina Salapura

When training neural networks, it has been widely observed that a large step size is essential in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for obtaining superior models. However, the effect of large step sizes on the success of SGD is not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian Stich

It has long been argued that minibatch stochastic gradient descent can generalize better than large batch gradient descent in deep neural networks. However recent papers have questioned this claim, arguing that this effect is simply a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-29 Samuel L. Smith , Erich Elsen , Soham De

Recent stochastic gradient methods that have appeared in the literature base their efficiency and global convergence properties on a suitable control of the variance of the gradient batch estimate. This control is typically achieved by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Marco Boresta , Alberto De Santis , Stefano Lucidi

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with mini-batching is a standard tool in large-scale optimization, yet its theoretical properties under heavy-tailed gradient noise remain largely unexplored. In this paper we study SGD with increasing…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Bartosz Glowacki , Rafal Kulik , Philippe Soulier

Adaptive gradient methods are typically used for training over-parameterized models. To better understand their behaviour, we study a simplistic setting -- smooth, convex losses with models over-parameterized enough to interpolate the data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Sharan Vaswani , Issam Laradji , Frederik Kunstner , Si Yi Meng , Mark Schmidt , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Increasing the mini-batch size for stochastic gradient descent offers significant opportunities to reduce wall-clock training time, but there are a variety of theoretical and systems challenges that impede the widespread success of this…

We present a theoretical analysis of stochastic optimization methods in terms of their sensitivity with respect to the step size. We identify a key quantity that, for each method, describes how the performance degrades as the step size…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Fabian Schaipp , Robert M. Gower , Adrien Taylor

Machine learning, especially deep neural networks, has been rapidly developed in fields including computer vision, speech recognition and reinforcement learning. Although Mini-batch SGD is one of the most popular stochastic optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Xinyu Peng , Li Li , Fei-Yue Wang

Recent advances in the theoretical understanding of SGD led to a formula for the optimal batch size minimizing the number of effective data passes, i.e., the number of iterations times the batch size. However, this formula is of no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Motasem Alfarra , Slavomir Hanzely , Alyazeed Albasyoni , Bernard Ghanem , Peter Richtarik

Recent work has established an empirically successful framework for adapting learning rates for stochastic gradient descent (SGD). This effectively removes all needs for tuning, while automatically reducing learning rates over time on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-28 Tom Schaul , Yann LeCun

(Mini-batch) Stochastic Gradient Descent is a popular optimization method which has been applied to many machine learning applications. But a rather high variance introduced by the stochastic gradient in each step may slow down the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Jingchang Liu , Linli Xu