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Related papers: Modeling the relativistic runaway electron avalanc…

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We use a three-specie fluid model of electric discharge in air to simulate streamer evolution from the avalanche-to-streamer transition to the collision of opposite-polarity streamers. We estimate the upper limit on the production of…

Space Physics · Physics 2018-08-03 Nikolai G. Lehtinen , Nikolai Østgaard

Using a simple uniform jet model of prompt emissions of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), we reproduce the observed peak energy--isotropic energy relation. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that the low-isotropic energy part of the relation is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Ryo Yamazaki , Kunihito Ioka , Takashi Nakamura

We present a machine-learning-based model of relativistic electron fluxes >1.8 MeV using a neural network approach in the Earth's outer radiation belt. The Outer RadIation belt Electron Neural net model for Relativistic electrons (ORIENT-R)…

Kinetic descriptions of runaway electrons (RE) are usually based on Fokker-Planck models that determine the probability distribution function (PDF) of RE in 2-dimensional momentum space. Despite of the simplification involved, the…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-09-13 Guannan Zhang , Diego del-Castillo-Negrete

Evolutions of Geant4 code have affected the simulation of electron backscattering with respect to previously published results. Their effects are quantified by analyzing the compatibility of the simulated electron backscattering fraction…

Runaway electrons, which are generated in a plasma where the induced electric field exceeds a certain critical value, can reach very high energies in the MeV range. For such energetic electrons, radiative losses will contribute…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-03-10 E. Hirvijoki , I. Pusztai , J. Decker , O. Embréus , A. Stahl , T. Fülöp

Monte Carlo simulations are powerful tools for understanding the effects of radiation interactions within detector devices allowing not only to evaluate typical estimates for experimental measurements and to serve as means for designing…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-02-09 F. Marinho , K. Akiba

We developed a three-dimensional radiative transfer code for an ultra-relativistic background flow-field by using the Monte Carlo (MC) method in the context of gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission. For obtaining reliable simulation results in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-09-13 Ayako Ishii , Naofumi Ohnishi , Hiroki Nagakura , Hirotaka Ito , Shoichi Yamada

The transition of the Divertor Tokamak Test (DTT) facility from its initial commissioning phase (Day-0, plasma current $I_{p}=2$ MA) to the full power scenario ($I_{p}=5.5$ MA) introduces a critical shift in the dynamics of runaway…

We investigate the effects of runaway electron current on the dispersion relation of resistive magnetohydrodynamic modes in tokamaks. We present a new theoretical model to derive the dispersion relation, which is based on the asymptotic…

Geant4 simulations play a crucial role in the analysis and interpretation of experiments providing low energy precision tests of the Standard Model. This paper focuses on the accuracy of the description of the electron processes in the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-08-23 G. Soti , F. Wauters , M. Breitenfeldt , P. Finlay , I. S. Kraev , A. Knecht , T. Porobic , D. Zákoucký , N. Severijns

We considered GEANT4 version 4.9.4 with different Electromagnetic Physics Package for calculation of response functions of detectors based on semi-insulating materials. Computer simulations with GEANT4 packages were run in order to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2011-12-13 A. I. Skrypnyk , A. A. Zakharchenko , M. A. Khazhmuradov

In the course of its operation, the Volcano Ranch array collected data on the lateral distribution of showers produced by cosmic rays at energies above $10^{17}$ {\rm eV}. From these data very precise measurements of the steepness of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 M. T. Dova , M. E. Mancenido , A. G. Mariazzi , T. P. McCauley , A. A. Watson

Analysing (e,e'p) experimental data involves corrections for radiative effects which change the interaction kinematics and which have to be carefully considered in order to obtain the desired accuracy. Missing momentum and energy due to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Florian Weissbach , Kai Hencken , Daniela Rohe , Ingo Sick , Dirk Trautmann

Geant4-based simulations of the energy deposited by electrons in various materials are quantitatively compared to high precision calorimetric measurements taken at Sandia Laboratories. The experimental data concern electron beams of energy…

Computational Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Matej Batic , Gabriela Hoff , Maria Grazia Pia , Paolo Saracco , Georg Weidenspointner

Improved understanding of the dynamics of runaway electrons can be obtained by measurement and interpretation of their synchrotron radiation emission. Models for synchrotron radiation emitted by relativistic electrons are well established,…

The photon avalanche (PA) process that emerges in lanthanide-doped crystals yields a threshold and highly nonlinear (of the power law order > 5) optical response to photoexcitation. PA emission is the outcome of excited-state absorption…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-10-04 Martyna Majak , Malgorzata Misiak , Artur Bednarkiewicz

The study assessed the damage caused by Runaway Electrons (RE) on First Wall tiles, comparing the effects on Beryllium and Tungsten. This was done by using realistic RE energy distribution functions to replicate RE impacts through the FLUKA…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 L. Singh , M. De Bastiani , R. Bonifetto , F. Subba , D. Borgogno

Runaways are suprathermal electrons having sufficiently high energy to be continuously accelerated up to tens of MeV by a driving electric field [1]. Highly energetic runaway electron (RE) beams capable of damaging the tokamak first wall…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-08-14 Cristian Sommariva , Eric Nardon , Peter Beyer , Matthias Hoelzl , Guido Huijsman

Synchrotron radiation from accelerated electrons above the photosphere of a relativistic ejecta is a natural candidate for the dominant process for the prompt GRB emission. There is however a tension between the predicted low-energy…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-29 Frédéric Daigne , Željka Bošnjak