Related papers: Directly measuring single molecule heterogeneity u…
Disorder and homogeneity are two concepts that refer to spatial variation of the system potential. In condensed-matter systems disorder is typically divided into two types; those with local parameters varying from site to site (diagonal…
A new method for examining the possible space-time variation of the fine structure constant ($\alpha$) is proposed. The technique uses a relatively simple measurement with an optical resonator to compare atom-stabilized optical frequency…
Over the past decade, advances in super-resolution microscopy and particle-based modeling have driven an intense interest in investigating spatial heterogeneity at the level of single molecules in cells. Remarkably, it is becoming clear…
Macromolecules change their shape (conformation) in the process of carrying out their functions. The imaging by cryo-electron microscopy of rapidly-frozen, individual copies of macromolecules (single particles) is a powerful and general…
A rigorous homogenization theory is derived to describe the effective admittivity of cell suspensions. A new formula is reported for dilute cases that gives the frequency-dependent effective admittivity with respect to the membrane…
Selection pressures on proteins are usually measured by comparing homologous nucleotide sequences (Zuckerkandl and Pauling 1965). Recently we introduced a novel method, termed `volatility', to estimate selection pressures on protein…
Over the last decade, proteomic analysis of single cells by mass spectrometry transitioned from an uncertain possibility to a set of robust and rapidly advancing technologies supporting the accurate quantification of thousands of proteins.…
We present imaging and force spectroscopy measurements of DNA molecules adsorbed on functionalized mica. By means of Non-Contact mode AFM (NC-AFM) in Ultra High Vacuum (UHV), the frequency shift (\Delta f) versus separation (z) curves were…
The dynamics of motor protein molecules that have two subunits is investigated using simple discrete stochastic models. Exact steady-state analytical expressions are obtained for velocities and dispersions for any number of intermediate…
AlphaFold2 (AF) is a promising tool, but is it accurate enough to predict single mutation effects? Here, we report that the localized structural deformation between protein pairs differing by only 1-3 mutations -- as measured by the…
Dynamical heterogeneities in a colloidal fluid close to gelation are studied by means of computer simulations. A clear distinction between some fast particles and the rest, slow ones, is observed, yielding a picture of the gel composed by…
We consider the velocity fluctuations of a system of particles described by the Inelastic Maxwell Model. The present work extends the methods, previously employed to obtain the one-particle velocity distribution function, to the study of…
Many of the concepts which are at the basis of the development associated with a quantitative treatment of the variety of phenomena associated with the spontaneous breaking of gauge symmetry in nuclei have been instrumental in connection…
Synthetic copolymers and biopolymers, such as polypeptides and double-stranded DNA, often exhibit strong variations in bending stiffness along their contour, which can significantly impact conformational behavior at larger scales. To…
In a single molecule assay, the motion of a molecular motor is often inferred from measuring the stochastic trajectory of a large probe particle attached to it. We discuss a simple model for this generic set-up taking into account…
Asymmetric exclusion processes for particles moving on parallel channels with inhomogeneous coupling are investigated theoretically. Particles interact with hard-core exclusion and move in the same direction on both lattices, while…
The presence of interharmonics in power systems can lead to asynchronous sampling, a phenomenon further aggravated by shifts in the fundamental frequency, which significantly degrades the accuracy of power measurements. Under such…
Two approaches to incorporate heterogeneity in discrete models are compared. In the first, standard approach, the heterogeneity is dictated by geometrical structure of the discrete system. In the second approach, the heterogeneity is…
Biological molecules, like all active matter, use free energy to generate force and motion which drive them out of thermal equilibrium, and undergo inherent dynamic interconversion between metastable free energy states separated by levels…
Single-enzyme catalysis offers a promising approach for unravelling the dynamic behaviour of individual enzymes as they undergo a reaction, revealing the complex heterogeneity that is lost in the averaged ensembles. Here we demonstrate…