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Rechargeable lithium, sodium, and aluminum metal-based batteries are among the most versatile platform for high-energy, cost effective electrochemical energy storage. Non-uniform metal deposition and dendrite formation on the negative…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-01-27 Yingying Lu , Zhengyuan Tu , Lynden Archer

Passivating solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films arising from electrolyte decomposition on low-voltage lithium ion battery anode surfaces are critical for battery operations. We review the recent theoretical literature on electrolyte…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2013-07-12 Kevin Leung

Normal operations of electrochemical devices such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOEC) and lithium ion batteries (LIB) sometimes fail because of unexpected formation of internal phases. These phases…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-11-18 Yanhao Dong , Zhichao Zhang , Ana Alvarez , I-Wei Chen

Oxidative decomposition of organic-solvent-based liquid electrolytes at cathode material interfaces has been identified as a main reason for rapid capacity fade in high-voltage lithium ion batteries. The evolution of "cathode electrolyte…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-10 Kevin Leung , Rosy , Malachi Noked

Charge lost per unit surface area of a silicon electrode due to the formation of solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) layer during initial lithiation was quantified, and the species that constitute this layer were identified. Coin cells made…

Understanding and controlling the atomistic-level reactions governing the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for the viability of next-generation solid state batteries. However, challenges persist due to…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-06-13 Jingxuan Ding , Laura Zichi , Matteo Carli , Menghang Wang , Albert Musaelian , Yu Xie , Boris Kozinsky

Electrolyte decomposition reactions on Li-ion battery electrodes contribute to the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers. These SEI layers are one of the known causes for the loss in battery voltage and capacity over…

Fast lithium transport across the solid-state electrolyte (SSE)/lithium metal anode interface is critical for high-performance all-solid-state batteries. Uncovering the complex lithium dynamics governed by diverse local environments in the…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-04 Qiye Guan , Yongqing Cai

Future lithium-based batteries are expected to use solid electrolytes to achieve higher energy density and fast charge capabilities. The majority of solid electrolytes are thermodynamically unstable against layered oxide cathodes. Here, the…

Growth of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a primary driver of capacity fade in lithium-ion batteries. Despite its importance to this device and intense research interest, the fundamental mechanisms underpinning SEI growth remain…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-06 Peter M. Attia , Supratim Das , Stephen J. Harris , Martin Z. Bazant , William C. Chueh

Charging a Li ion battery requires Li ion transport between the cathode and the anode. This Li ion transport is dependent upon (among other factors) the electrostatic environment the ion encounters within the Solid Electrolyte Interphase…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-06-06 Quinn T. Campbell

The solvation environments of Li$^+$ in conventional non-aqueous battery electrolytes, such as LiPF$_6$ in mixtures of ethylene carbaronate (EC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), are often used to rationalize the transport properties of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-20 Zachary A. H. Goodwin , Daniel M. Markiewitz , Qisheng Wu , Yue Qi , Martin Z. Bazant

Metal components are extensively used as current collectors, anodes, and interlayers in lithium-ion batteries. Integrating these functions into one component enhances the cell energy density and simplifies its design. However, this…

In this study, we propose a novel approach for investigating the formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) in Na-ion batteries (NIB) through the coupling of in situ liquid electrochemical transmission electron microscopy (ec-TEM) and…

The development of silicon anodes to replace conventional graphite in efforts to increase energy densities of lithium-ion batteries has been largely impeded by poor interfacial stability against liquid electrolytes. Here, stable operation…

Lithium metal batteries suffer from low cycle life. During discharge, parts of the lithium are not stripped reversibly and remain isolated from the current collector. This isolated lithium is trapped in the insulating remaining…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Martin Werres , Yaobin Xu , Hao Jia , Chongmin Wang , Wu Xu , Arnulf Latz , Birger Horstmann

Accurately predicting aging of lithium-ion batteries would help to prolong their lifespan, but remains a challenge owing to the complexity and interrelation of different aging mechanisms. As a result, aging prediction often relies on…

Lithium-ion batteries rely on particulate porous electrodes to realize high performance, especially the fast-charging capability. To minimize the particle-wise reaction heterogeneities that may lead to local hot spots, deeper understandings…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-15 Shubham Agrawal , Peng Bai

Understanding the mechanical interplay between silicon anodes and their surrounding solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is essential to improve the next generation of lithium-ion batteries. We model and simulate a 2D elliptical silicon…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-09-13 Raphael Schoof , Lukas Köbbing , Arnulf Latz , Birger Horstmann , Willy Dörfler

The argyrodite sulfides are getting more and more attractive as highly promising solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) for high-performance all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), owing to their high ionic conductivity, adequate plasticity, and decent…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-20 Hongjie Xu , Yuran Yu , Junhua Hu , Zhuo Wang , Guosheng Shao