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The aim of this paper is two-fold. We first prove several new interpretations of a kind of $(q,t)$-Catalan numbers along with their corresponding $\gamma$-expansions using pattern avoiding permutations. Secondly, we give a complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-16 Shishuo Fu , Dazhao Tang , Bin Han , Jiang Zeng

We construct an intriguing bijection between $021$-avoiding inversion sequences and $(2413,4213)$-avoiding permutations, which proves a sextuple equidistribution involving double Eulerian statistics. Two interesting applications of this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Zhicong Lin , Dongsu Kim

The standard notion of poset probability of a finite poset P involves calculating, for incomparable $\alpha$, $\beta$ in P, the number of linear extensions of P for which $\alpha$ precedes $\beta$. The fraction of those linear extensions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Albin Jaldevik , Jan Snellman

We have extended classical pattern avoidance to a new structure: multiple task-precedence posets whose Hasse diagrams have three levels, which we will call diamonds. The vertices of each diamond are assigned labels which are compatible with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Mitchell Paukner , Lucy Pepin , Manda Riehl , Jarred Wieser

We enumerate and characterize some classes of alternating and reverse alternating involutions avoiding a single pattern of length three or four. If on one hand the case of patterns of length three is trivial, on the other hand, the length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Marilena Barnabei , Flavio Bonetti , Niccolò Castronuovo , Matteo Silimbani

We give a broad survey of inequalities for the number of linear extensions of finite posets. We review many examples, discuss open problems, and present recent results on the subject. We emphasize the bounds, the equality conditions of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-05 Swee Hong Chan , Igor Pak

We examine the poset $P$ of 132-avoiding $n$-permutations ordered by descents. We show that this poset is the "coarsening" of the well-studied poset $Q$ of noncrossing partitions . In other words, if $x<y$ in $Q$, then $f(y)<f(x)$ in $P$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Miklos Bona

We investigate permutations and involutions that avoid a pattern of length three and have a {\em unique} longest increasing subsequence.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-25 Miklos Bona , Elijah DeJonge

Pattern avoidance for permutations has been extensively studied, and has been generalized to vincular patterns, where certain elements can be required to be adjacent. In addition, cyclic permutations, i.e., permutations written in a circle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Rupert Li

It is well known that permutations avoiding any 3-length pattern are enumerated by the Catalan numbers. If the three patterns 123, 132 and 213 are avoided at the same time we obtain a class of permutations enumerated by the Fibonacci…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. Barcucci , A. Bernini , M. Poneti

We present four constructions of inversion sequences, and use them to compute the enumeration sequences of 24 classes of pattern-avoiding inversion sequences. This completes the enumeration of inversion sequences avoiding one or two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Benjamin Testart

Nonnesting permutations are permutations of the multiset $\{1,1,2,2,\dots,n,n\}$ that avoid subsequences of the form $abba$ for any $a\neq b$. These permutations have recently been studied in connection to noncrossing (also called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Sergi Elizalde , Amya Luo

In this paper, we investigate pattern avoidance of parity restricted (even or odd) Grassmannian permutations for patterns of sizes 3 and 4. We use a combination of direct counting and bijective techniques to provide recurrence relations,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Juan B. Gil , Jessica A. Tomasko

The enumeration of inversion sequences avoiding a single pattern was initiated by Corteel--Martinez--Savage--Weselcouch and Mansour--Shattuck independently. Their work has sparked various investigations of generalized patterns in inversion…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Chunyan Yan , Zhicong Lin

We present a new approach to the problem of enumerating permutations of length n that avoid a fixed consecutive pattern of length m. We use this idea to give explicit upper and lower bounds on the number of permutations avoiding a pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-29 Guillem Perarnau

Felsner and Reuter introduced the linear extension diameter of a partially ordered set $\mathbf{P}$, denoted $\mbox{led}(\mathbf{P})$, as the maximum distance between two linear extensions of $\mathbf{P}$, where distance is defined to be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-07 Graham Brightwell , Mitchel T. Keller

The classical 1991 result by Brightwell and Winkler states that the number of linear extensions of a poset is #P-complete. We extend this result to posets with certain restrictions. First, we prove that the number of linear extension for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Samuel Dittmer , Igor Pak

A linear extension of a poset $P$ is a permutation of the elements of the set that respects the partial order. Let $L(P)$ denote the number of linear extensions. It is a #P complete problem to determine $L(P)$ exactly for an arbitrary…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-07-03 Jacqueline Banks , Scott Garrabrant , Mark L. Huber , Anne Perizzolo

We present a matrix-theoretic approach for studying and enumerating finite posets through their incidence representations, referred to as poset matrices. Naturally labelled posets are encoded as Boolean lower triangular matrices, allowing a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Gi-Sang Cheon , Hong Joon Choi , Gukwon Kwon , Hojoon Lee , Yaling Wang

The pattern avoidance problem seeks to construct a set $X\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ with large dimension that avoids a prescribed pattern. Examples of such patterns include three-term arithmetic progressions (solutions to $x_1 - 2x_2 + x_3 =…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2019-04-05 Jacob Denson , Malabika Pramanik , Joshua Zahl