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Current-biased Josephson junctions can act as detectors of electromagnetic radiation. At optimal conditions, their sensitivity is limited by fluctuations causing stochastic switching from the superconducting to the resistive state. This…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-04-30 Vladimir M. Krasnov

We present the design, measurement and analysis of a current sensor based on a process of Josephson parametric upconversion in a superconducting microwave cavity. Terminating a coplanar waveguide with a nanobridge constriction Josephson…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Felix E. Schmidt , Daniel Bothner , Ines C. Rodrigues , Mario F. Gely , Mark D. Jenkins , Gary A. Steele

It is well known that the current-biased Josephson junction (CBJJ) can serve as a Josephson threshold detector (JTD) for the sensitive detection of weak microwave signals. Based on the recent work (PRB {\bf 111}, 024501 (2025)) on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Y. Q. Chai , M. Y. Wang , S. N. Wang , P. H. Ouyang , L. F. Wei

Axions detection requires the ultimate sensitivity down to the single photon limit. In the microwave region this corresponds to energies in the yJ range. This extreme sensitivity has to be combined with an extremely low dark count rate,…

Current-biased Josephson junctions (CBJJs) have been demonstrated as sensitive Josephson threshold detectors (JTDs) in the infrared range. In this letter, we show this kind of detector could also be used to detect broadband microwave…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Jia-Xing He , Ya-Qiang Chai , Peng-Hui Ouyang , Hong Chang , L. F. Wei

Josephson junctions, in appropriate configurations, can be excellent candidates for detection of single photons in the microwave frequency band. Such possibility has been recently addressed in the framework of galactic axion detection. Here…

When measuring electromagnetic radiation of frequency $f$, the most sensitive detector is the one that counts the single quanta of energy $h f$. Single photon detectors (SPDs) were demonstrated from $\gamma$-rays to infrared wavelengths,…

An application-specific Josephson generator is being developed as an on-chip calibration source for single-microwave-photon detectors operating below $T \sim $100 mK in the frequency range from 110 to 170 GHz. The targeted calibration power…

Superconductivity · Physics 2014-10-21 Behdad Jalali-Jafari , Sergey V. Lotkhov , Alexander B. Zorin

We describe a microwave photon counter based on the current-biased Josephson junction. The junction is tuned to absorb single microwave photons from the incident field, after which it tunnels into a classically observable voltage state.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-05-20 Y. -F. Chen , D. Hover , S. Sendelbach , L. Maurer , S. T. Merkel , E. J. Pritchett , F. K. Wilhelm , R. McDermott

Single-photon detection is an energy quantum limit detection (EQLD) of a significantly weak electromagnetic wave. Given the sensitivity of the conventional electromagnetic induction microwave receiver working at room-temperature is very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Y. Q. Chai , S. N. Wang , P. H. OuYang , L. F. Wei

We propose a detector of microwave photons which can distinguish the vacuum state, one-photon state, and the states with two or more photons. Its operation is based on the two-photon transition in a biased Josephson junction and detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Andrii M. Sokolov , Frank K. Wilhelm

We present a novel scheme to detect itinerant microwave radiation at the single photon level. Using existing Josephson-photonics devices, where two microwave cavities are coupled by a dc-voltage biased superconducting junction, we…

We predict that the threshold detectors based on Al Josephson junctions, with critical currents below 100 nA, exhibiting a phase diffusion regime, can be exploited for the microwave photon detection both at 17 mK and 700 mK. We demonstrate…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-04 Dmitry A. Ladeynov , Andrey L. Pankratov , Leonid S. Revin , Anna V. Gordeeva , Alexander V. Chiginev , Sergey A. Razov , Evgeny V. Ilichev

We use semiclassical formalism to optimize a microwave single photon detector based on switching events of a current biased Josephson junction coupled to a resonator. In order to detect very rare events, the average time between dark counts…

Superconductivity · Physics 2021-07-20 Dmitry S. Golubev , Evgeni V. Ilichev , Leonid S. Kuzmin

We report on the on-chip detection of microwaves in the frequency range around 100GHz. For the purpose of detection, we employ a discrete transport channel triggered in a superconducting single-electron transistor by photon-assisted…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-12-20 S. V. Lotkhov , R. Dolata , M. Khabipov

We have investigated the microwave response of nanotube Josephson junctions at 600-900 MHz at microwave powers corresponding to currents from 0 to $2\times I_{\mathrm C}$ in the junction. Compared with theoretical modeling, the response of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-08-18 Pasi Häkkinen , Aurélien Fay , Dmitry Golubev , Pasi Lähteenmäki , Pertti Hakonen

We have embedded a small Josephson junction in a microwave resonator that allows simultaneous dc biasing and dispersive readout. Thermal fluctuations drive the junction into phase diffusion and induce a temperature-dependent shift in the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-09-23 O. -P. Saira , M. Zgirski , K. L. Viisanen , D. S. Golubev , J. P. Pekola

We analyze the quantum efficiency of a microwave photon detector based on a current-biased Josephson junction. We consider the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian to describe coupling between the photon field and the junction. We then take into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-17 Amrit Poudel , Robert McDermott , Maxim G. Vavilov

We give a quantum master equation description of the measurement scheme based on a coplanar microwave cavity capacitively coupled to nano mechanical resonator. The system exhibits a rich bifurcation structure that is analogous to sub/second…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. J. Milburn , C. A. Holmes , L. M. Kettle , H. S. Goan

We show experimentally that a dc biased Josephson junction in series with a high-enough impedance microwave resonator emits antibunched photons. Our resonator is made of a simple micro-fabricated spiral coil that resonates at 4.4 GHz and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 C. Rolland , A. Peugeot , S. Dambach , M. Westig , B. Kubala , Y. Mukharsky , C. Altimiras , H. le Sueur , P. Joyez , D. Vion , P. Roche , D. Esteve , J. Ankerhold , F. Portier
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