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A method has been developed for precision measurement of the gravitational frequency shift of communication radio signals between the spacecraft and the ground tracking station based on the maximum likelihood principle, using the Rao-Cramer…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-22 A. V. Belonenko , A. V. Gusev , V. N. Rudenko

Gravitational waves undergo redshift as they propagate through the expanding universe, and the redshift may exhibit time-dependent drift. Consequently, for any isolated gravitational wave sources, the mass parameter $\mathcal{M}$ and the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Tan Liu , Wen-Fan Feng , Zong-Kuan Guo

We measure the speed of light with current observations, such as Type Ia Supernova, galaxy ages, radial BAO mode, as well as simulations of forthcoming redshift surveys and gravitational waves as standard sirens. By means of a Gaussian…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-02 Jaiane Santos , Carlos Bengaly , Jonathan Morais , Rodrigo S. Gonçalves

STE-QUEST is a fundamental science mission which is considered for launch within the Cosmic Vision programme of the European Space Agency (ESA). Its main scientific objectives relate to probing various aspects of Einstein's theory of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-12-31 Gerald Hechenblaikner , Marc-Peter Hess , Marianna Vitelli , Jan Beck

General relativity offers a classical description to gravitation and spacetime, and is a cornerstone for modern physics. It has passed a number of empirical tests with flying colours, mostly in the weak-gravity regimes, but nowadays also in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-06 Lijing Shao

The accuracy of orbit determination has a strong impact on the scientific output of the Space VLBI mission RadioAstron. The aim of this work is to improve the RadioAstron orbit reconstruction by means of sophisticated dynamical modelling of…

We consider the effect of phase center motion of mechanically steerable high-gain parabolic antennas for ground-based and spacecraft-mounted antennas. For spacecrafts on highly elliptic Earth orbits the magnitude of the effect is as large…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-05 A. I. Filetkin , D. A. Litvinov , V. N. Rudenko , M. V. Zakhvatkin

The trajectory of an interplanetary spacecraft can be used to test gravitation in the Solar System. Its determination relies on radio tracking and is limited by the uncertainty on the spacecraft non-gravitational acceleration. The addition…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-09-16 Benjamin Lenoir , Bruno Christophe , Serge Reynaud

A relativistic sub-picosecond model of gravitational time delay in radio astronomical observations is worked out and a new experimental test of general relativity is discussed in which the effect of retardation of gravity associated with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergei Kopeikin , Ed Fomalont

The study of the gravitational redshift\,---\,a relative wavelength increase of $\approx 2 \times 10^{-6}$ was predicted for solar radiation by Einstein in 1908\,---\,is still an important subject in modern physics. In a dispute whether or…

General Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 Klaus Wilhelm , Bhola N. Dwivedi

According to current plans, the SIM/NASA mission will be launched just after the end of operations for the Gaia/ESA mission. This is a new situation which enables long term astrometric projects that could not be achieved by either mission…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 G. Anglada-Escude , J. H. Debes

Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new avenue to test Einstein's General Relativity (GR) using the ongoing and upcoming GW detectors by measuring the redshift evolution of the effective Planck mass proposed by several modified theories of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-05 Samsuzzaman Afroz , Suvodip Mukherjee

The gravitational redshift induced by stellar surface gravity is notoriously difficult to measure for non-degenerate stars, since its amplitude is small in comparison with the typical Doppler shift induced by stellar radial velocity. In…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-22 Matthew Moschella , Oren Slone , Jeff A. Dror , Matteo Cantiello , Hagai B. Perets

I explore a possibility to measure the gravitational redshift (GR) effect in the gravitational field of massive central nuclei residing in active galaxies (AGN). The activity of central nuclei is associated with the bipolar jet ejection of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. G. Arshakian

We focus on the possibility of measuring the gravitomagnetic effects due to the rotation of the Earth, by means of a space-based experiment that exploits satellites in geostationary orbits. Due to the rotation of the Earth, there is an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-21 Matteo Luca Ruggiero , Angelo Tartaglia

During close angular approaches of solar system planets to astrometric radio sources, the apparent positions of these sources shift due to relativistic effects and, thus, these events may be used for testing the theory of general…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-12 Z. M. Malkin , V. N. L'vov , S. D. Tsekmeister

In the context of the currently ongoing efforts to improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect in the gravitational field of the Earth it has recently been proposed to use the data from the existing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Lorenzo Iorio

Gravity Probe B, launched 20 April 2004, is a space experiment testing two fundamental predictions of Einstein's theory of General Relativity (GR), the geodetic and frame-dragging effects, by means of cryogenic gyroscopes in Earth orbit.…

The successful miniaturisation of extremely accurate atomic clocks and atom interferometers invites prospects for satellite missions to perform precision experiments. We discuss the effects predicted by general relativity and alternative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-10 Ruxandra Bondarescu , Andreas Schärer , Philippe Jetzer , Raymond Angélil , Prasenjit Saha , Andrew Lundgren

Gravitational redshift effects undoubtedly exist; moreover, the experimental setups which confirm the existence of these effects-the most famous of which being the Pound-Rebka experiment-are well-known. Nonetheless-and perhaps…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-08 Johannes Fankhauser , James Read