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We study the problem of training neural stochastic differential equations, or diffusion models, to sample from a Boltzmann distribution without access to target samples. Existing methods for training such models enforce time-reversal of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Julius Berner , Lorenz Richter , Marcin Sendera , Jarrid Rector-Brooks , Nikolay Malkin

We propose a novel approach for density estimation with exponential families for the case when the true density may not fall within the chosen family. Our approach augments the sufficient statistics with features designed to accumulate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-09-07 Lin Yuan , Sergey Kirshner , Robert Givan

This work introduces a novel approach for the joint selection of model structure and parameter learning for nonlinear dynamical systems identification. Focusing on a specific Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) family, i.e., Nonlinear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Corrado Sgadari , Alessio La Bella , Marcello Farina

Explainable boosting machines (EBMs) are popular "glass-box" models that learn a set of univariate functions using boosting trees. These achieve explainability through visualizations of each feature's effect. However, unlike linear model…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-31 Haimo Fang , Kevin Tan , Jonathan Pipping-Gamon , Giles Hooker

Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Dieterich Lawson , George Tucker , Bo Dai , Rajesh Ranganath

Energy-Based Models (EBMs), also known as non-normalized probabilistic models, specify probability density or mass functions up to an unknown normalizing constant. Unlike most other probabilistic models, EBMs do not place a restriction on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Yang Song , Diederik P. Kingma

The Evidential Regression Network (ERN) represents a novel approach that integrates deep learning with Dempster-Shafer's theory to predict a target and quantify the associated uncertainty. Guided by the underlying theory, specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Kai Ye , Tiejin Chen , Hua Wei , Liang Zhan

In continual learning, a system learns from non-stationary data streams or batches without catastrophic forgetting. While this problem has been heavily studied in supervised image classification and reinforcement learning, continual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Tyler L. Hayes , Christopher Kanan

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a standard approach for fine-tuning large language models to follow instructions. As part of this process, learned reward models are used to approximately model human preferences.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Thomas Coste , Usman Anwar , Robert Kirk , David Krueger

Deep learning has shown its human-level performance in various applications. However, current deep learning models are characterised by catastrophic forgetting of old knowledge when learning new classes. This poses a challenge particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Yang Yang , Zhiying Cui , Junjie Xu , Changhong Zhong , Wei-Shi Zheng , Ruixuan Wang

Boltzmann Machines (BMs) are graphical models with interconnected binary units, employed for the unsupervised modeling of data distributions. When trained on real data, BMs show the tendency to behave like critical systems, displaying a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-06-28 Enrico Ventura , Simona Cocco , Rémi Monasson , Francesco Zamponi

We propose and analyze a new variation of the so-called {\em exponential Hopfield model}, a recently introduced family of associative neural networks with unprecedented storage capacity. Our construction is based on a cost function defined…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-09-09 Linda Albanese , Andrea Alessandrelli , Adriano Barra , Peter Sollich

Continual learning remains a fundamental challenge in machine learning, requiring models to learn from a stream of tasks without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. A major obstacle in this setting is catastrophic forgetting, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Xiaodi Li , Dingcheng Li , Rujun Gao , Mahmoud Zamani , Feng Mi , Latifur Khan

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) and models derived from them have been successfully used as basic building blocks in deep artificial neural networks for automatic features extraction, unsupervised weights initialization, but also as…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-07-20 Decebal Constantin Mocanu , Elena Mocanu , Phuong H. Nguyen , Madeleine Gibescu , Antonio Liotta

Echo State Networks (ESNs) are a particular type of untrained Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) within the Reservoir Computing (RC) framework, popular for their fast and efficient learning. However, traditional ESNs often struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Matteo Pinna , Andrea Ceni , Claudio Gallicchio

Neuromodulations as observed in the extracellular electrical potential recordings obtained from Electroencephalograms (EEG) manifest as organized, transient patterns that differ statistically from their featureless noisy background.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-28 Shailaja Akella , Jose C. Principe

Text generation is ubiquitous in many NLP tasks, from summarization, to dialogue and machine translation. The dominant parametric approach is based on locally normalized models which predict one word at a time. While these work remarkably…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-27 Yuntian Deng , Anton Bakhtin , Myle Ott , Arthur Szlam , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Recently much attention has been paid to deep generative models, since they have been used to great success for variational inference, generation of complex data types, and more. In most all of these settings, the goal has been to find a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-19 Sean R. Bittner , John P. Cunningham

Equilibrium Propagation (EP) is a biologically inspired learning algorithm for convergent recurrent neural networks, i.e. RNNs that are fed by a static input x and settle to a steady state. Training convergent RNNs consists in adjusting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Maxence Ernoult , Julie Grollier , Damien Querlioz , Yoshua Bengio , Benjamin Scellier

In this paper, the efficient hinging hyperplanes (EHH) neural network is proposed based on the model of hinging hyperplanes (HH). The EHH neural network is a distributed representation, the training of which involves solving several convex…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Jun Xu , Qinghua Tao , Zhen Li , Xiangming Xi , Johan A. K. Suykens , Shuning Wang