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In language modeling based music generation, a generated waveform is represented by a sequence of hierarchical token stacks that can be decoded either in an auto-regressive manner or in parallel, depending on the codebook patterns. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Gael Le Lan , Varun Nagaraja , Ernie Chang , David Kant , Zhaoheng Ni , Yangyang Shi , Forrest Iandola , Vikas Chandra

While several self-indexes for highly repetitive texts exist, developing a practical self-index applicable to real world repetitive texts remains a challenge. ESP-index is a grammar-based self-index on the notion of edit-sensitive parsing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Yoshimasa Takabatake , Yasuo Tabei , Hiroshi Sakamoto

In this paper, we describe a new type of match between a pattern and a text that aren't necessarily maximal in the query, but still contain useful matching information: locally maximal exact matches (LEMs). There are usually a large amount…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Ahsan Sanaullah , Degui Zhi , Shaojie Zhang

The problem of finding factors of a text string which are identical or similar to a given pattern string is a central problem in computer science. A generalised version of this problem consists in implementing an index over the text to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Carl Barton , Tomasz Kociumaka , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their susceptibility to adversarial attacks, particularly jailbreaking, poses significant safety and ethical concerns. While numerous jailbreak methods exist, many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Bilal Saleh Husain

This paper presents a novel approach for similarity search with complex filtering capabilities on billion-scale datasets, optimized for CPU inference. Our method extends the classical IVF-Flat index structure to integrate multi-dimensional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Simeon Emanuilov , Aleksandar Dimov

Existing approximate nearest neighbor search systems suffer from two fundamental problems that are of practical importance but have not received sufficient attention from the research community. First, although existing systems perform well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-14 Yusuke Matsui , Ryota Hinami , Shin'ichi Satoh

In a \emph{weighted sequence}, for every position of the sequence and every letter of the alphabet a probability of occurrence of this letter at this position is specified. Weighted sequences are commonly used to represent imprecise or…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-28 Carl Barton , Tomasz Kociumaka , Chang Liu , Solon P. Pissis , Jakub Radoszewski

Compressed indexing enables powerful queries over massive and repetitive textual datasets using space proportional to the compressed input. While theoretical advances have led to highly efficient index structures, their practical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ankith Reddy Adudodla , Dominik Kempa

The {\em wavelet tree} is a flexible data structure that permits representing sequences $S[1,n]$ of symbols over an alphabet of size $\sigma$, within compressed space and supporting a wide range of operations on $S$. When $\sigma$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Francisco Claude , Gonzalo Navarro , Alberto Ordóñez

The in-memory algorithms for approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) have achieved great success for fast high-recall search, but are extremely expensive when handling very large scale database. Thus, there is an increasing request for…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Qi Chen , Bing Zhao , Haidong Wang , Mingqin Li , Chuanjie Liu , Zengzhong Li , Mao Yang , Jingdong Wang

The long-standing dominance of gradient-boosted decision trees for tabular data has recently been challenged by in-context learning tabular foundation models. In-context learning methods fit and predict in one forward pass without parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Guri Zabërgja , Rafiq Kamel , Arlind Kadra , Christian M. M. Frey , Josif Grabocka

We study a new variant of the string matching problem called cross-document string matching, which is the problem of indexing a collection of documents to support an efficient search for a pattern in a selected document, where the pattern…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-06-21 Gregory Kucherov , Yakov Nekrich , Tatiana Starikovskaya

Classic embedded feature selection algorithms are often divided in two large groups: tree-based algorithms and lasso variants. Both approaches are focused in different aspects: while the tree-based algorithms provide a clear explanation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Brais Cancela , Verónica Bolón-Canedo , Amparo Alonso-Betanzos

The Breadth First Search (BFS) algorithm is the foundation and building block of many higher graph-based operations such as spanning trees, shortest paths and betweenness centrality. The importance of this algorithm increases each day due…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Julian Romera

Multi-vector retrieval methods, exemplified by the ColBERT architecture, have shown substantial promise for retrieval by providing strong trade-offs in terms of retrieval latency and effectiveness. However, they come at a high cost in terms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Sean MacAvaney , Antonio Mallia , Nicola Tonellotto

A family of comparison-based exact pattern matching algorithms is described. They utilize multi-dimensional arrays in order to process more than one adjacent text window in each iteration of the search cycle. This approach leads to a lower…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-31 Igor O. Zavadskyi

The problem of Text Indexing is a fundamental algorithmic problem in which one wishes to preprocess a text in order to quickly locate pattern queries within the text. In the ever evolving world of dynamic and on-line data, there is also a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-21 Tsvi Kopelowitz

iALS is a popular algorithm for learning matrix factorization models from implicit feedback with alternating least squares. This algorithm was invented over a decade ago but still shows competitive quality compared to recent approaches like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Steffen Rendle , Walid Krichene , Li Zhang , Yehuda Koren

Sorting and binary searching a dense array can be considered the simplest and most space efficient form of indexing. This holds especially on GPUs as they exhibit exceptional sorting performance. However, the popular opinion is that such a…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Justus Henneberg , Felix Schuhknecht